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Works Tertullian (160-220) De resurrectione carnis

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On the Resurrection of the Flesh

Chapter XXVIII.--Prophetic Things and Actions, as Well as Words, Attest This Great Doctrine.

But we know that prophecy expressed itself by things no less than by words. By words, and also by deeds, is the resurrection foretold. When Moses puts his hand into his bosom, and then draws it out again dead, and again puts his hand into his bosom, and plucks it out living, 1 does not this apply as a presage to all mankind?--inasmuch as those three signs 2 denoted the threefold power of God: when it shall, first, in the appointed order, subdue to man the old serpent, the devil, 3 however formidable; then, secondly, draw forth the flesh from the bosom of death; 4 and then, at last, shall pursue all blood (shed) in judgment. 5 On this subject we read in the writings of the same prophet, (how that) God says: "For your blood of your lives will I require of all wild beasts; and I will require it of the hand of man, and of his brother's hand." 6 Now nothing is required except that which is demanded back again, and nothing is thus demanded except that which is to be given up; and that will of course be given up, which shall be demanded and required on the ground of vengeance. But indeed there cannot possibly be punishment of that which never had any existence. Existence, however, it will have, when it is restored in order to be punished. To the flesh, therefore, applies everything which is declared respecting the blood, for without the flesh there cannot be blood. The flesh will be raised up in order that the blood may be punished. There are, again, some statements (of Scripture) so plainly made as to be free from all obscurity of allegory, and yet they strongly require 7 their very simplicity to be interpreted. There is, for instance, that passage in Isaiah: "I will kill, and I will make alive." 8 Certainly His making alive is to take place after He has killed. As, therefore, it is by death that He kills, it is by the resurrection that He will make alive. Now it is the flesh which is killed by death; the flesh, therefore, will be revived by the resurrection. Surely if killing means taking away life from the flesh, and its opposite, reviving, amounts to restoring life to the flesh, it must needs be that the flesh rise again, to which the life, which has been taken away by killing, has to be restored by vivification.


  1. Ex. iv. 6, 7. ↩

  2. Ex. iv. 2-9. ↩

  3. Comp. vers. 3, 4. ↩

  4. Comp. vers. 6, 7. ↩

  5. Comp. ver. 9. ↩

  6. Gen. ix. 5. ↩

  7. Sitiant. ↩

  8. Isa. xxxviii. 12, 13, 16. The very words, however, occur not in Isaiah, but in 1 Sam. ii. 6, Deut. xxxii. 39. ↩

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De la résurrection de la chair

XXVIII.

La prophétie, nous le savons, a deux langues: la parole et les événements. Il en est de même de la résurrection, que prédisent le discours et le fait. Moïse portant la main dans son sein et l'en retirant morte; l'y replongeant encore et l'en retirant vivante, n'est-il pas un présage qui s'applique à l'homme tout entier? Les trois signes marqués par les prophètes nous représentent dans leur ordre trois effets de la puissance de Dieu. D'abord elle réduira sous la servitude de l'homme l'antique dragon, tout formidable qu'il est; ensuite elle arrachera la chair du sein de la mort; enfin, elle vengera par le jugement tout le sang répandu. Aussi lisons-nous dans le même prophète: « Je rechercherai votre sang et votre vie, dit le Seigneur, et sur tous les animaux, et sur l'homme, frère ou étranger. » Or, on ne recherche que ce que l'on redemande; on ne redemande que ce qui doit être rendu; ce que l'on recherche et redemande pour le venger sera rendu: comment venger ce qui n'a jamais existé? Il subsistera, puisqu'il n'est rétabli que pour être vengé. Tout, ce qui est dit du sang s'applique donc à la chair sans laquelle le sang ne sera point. Dieu ressuscitera la chair afin que le sang soit vengé.

Il est d'ailleurs des oracles qui, dégagés de tout voile allégorique, réclament une interprétation simple comme eux. Ainsi de cette parole d'Isaïe: « C'est moi qui tue et qui vivifie. » En effet, après que Dieu aura tué, il vivifiera; il tuera par la mort, il vivifiera par la résurrection. Et comme c'est la chair qui est tuée par la mort, c'est la chair qui se ranimera par la résurrection. Assurément, |478 si tuer, c'est séparer l'âme de la chair, vivifier, qui est son contraire, c'est rendre à la chair cette même âme. Donc il est nécessaire que la chair ressuscite: la mort lui a ravi l'âme, la vie nouvelle la lui rendra.

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Faculty of Theology, Patristics and History of the Early Church
Miséricorde, Av. Europe 20, CH 1700 Fribourg

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