Edition Hide
Contra Celsum

54.

Ἐπεὶ οὖν ἀναπέμπει ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τὸν Ἡρακλέα, ἀπομνημονεύματα λόγων αὐτοῦ ἡμῖν παραστησάτω καὶ περὶ τῆς παρ' Ὀμφάλῃ ἀσέμνου δουλείας αὐτοῦ ἀπολογησάσθω, δεικνύτω δὲ εἰ θείας τιμῆς ἄξιος ἦν ὁ τοῦ γεωργοῦ βίᾳ καὶ λῃστρικῶς τὸν βοῦν λαβὼν καὶ καταθοινησάμενος καὶ ἡσθεὶς ἐφ' οἷς ἐκεῖνος καταρώμενος ἔλεγε πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐσθίοντα· ὡς καὶ μέχρι τοῦδε ἱστορεῖσθαι τὸν Ἡρακλέος δαίμονα λαμβάνειν μετά τινων ἀρῶν τὴν θυσίαν. Καλεῖ δ' ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τὴν περὶ Ἀσκληπιοῦ ταυτολογίαν, προειρηκότας καὶ περὶ αὐτοῦ, ἀλλ' ἡμεῖς ἐκείνοις ἀρκούμεθα. Τί δὲ καὶ θαυμάσας Ὀρφέως ὁμολογουμένως φησὶν αὐτὸν ὁσίῳ χρησάμενον πνεύματι καλῶς βεβιωκέναι; Θαυμάζω δὲ εἰ μὴ καὶ Κέλσος διὰ μὲν τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς φιλονεικίαν, καὶ ἵνα Ἰησοῦν ἐξευτελίσῃ νῦν ὑμνεῖ Ὀρφέα, ὅτε δ' ἐνετύγχανεν αὐτοῦ τοῖς ὡς περὶ θεῶν ἀσεβέσι μύθοις, οὐκ ἀπεστρέφετο τὰ ποιήματα ὡς μᾶλλον καὶ τῶν Ὁμήρου ἄξια ἐκβάλλεσθαι τῆς καλῆς πολιτείας· καὶ γὰρ πολλῷ χείρονα περὶ τῶν νομιζομένων εἶπε θεῶν Ὀρφεὺς ἢ Ὅμηρος.

Γενναῖος μὲν οὖν ὁ Ἀνάξαρχος, λέγων τῷ τῆς Κύπρου τυράννῳ Ἀριστοκρέοντι· «Πτίσσε, πτίσσε τὸν Ἀναξάρχου θύλακον»· μονογενὲς δὲ τοῦτο περὶ Ἀναξάρχου ἴσασι θαυμαζόμενον Ἕλληνες, ἐφ' ᾧ εἰ καί, ὡς Κέλσος ἀξιοῖ, ἐχρῆν τινας σέβειν ἄνθρωπον δι' ἀρετήν, οὐκ ἦν εὔλογον ἀναγορεύεσθαι τὸν Ἀνάξαρχον θεόν. Καὶ ἐπὶ Ἐπίκτητον δὲ ἡμᾶς ἀναπέμπει, θαυμάσας τὸ εὐγενῶς μὲν αὐτῷ λελεγμένον, οὐ μὴν ὥστε παραβληθῆναι αὐτοῦ τὸν ἐπὶ τῇ κατάξει τοῦ σκέλους λόγον τοῖς παραδόξοις τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἔργοις ἀπιστουμένοις ὑπὸ Κέλσου καὶ λόγοις, διὰ τὸ καὶ δυνάμει λελέχθαι θείᾳ μέχρι δεῦρο ἐπιστρέφουσιν οὐ τῶν ἁπλουστέρων τινὰς μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν συνετωτέρων.

Translation Hide
Origen Against Celsus

Chapter LIV.

But since he sends us to Hercules, let him repeat to us any of his sayings, and let him justify his shameful subjection to Omphale. Let him show that divine honours should be paid to one who, like a highway robber, carries off a farmer's ox by force, and afterwards devours it, amusing himself meanwhile with the curses of the owner; in memory of which even to this day sacrifices offered to the demon of Hercules are accompanied with curses. Again he proposes AEsculapius to us, as if to oblige us to repeat what we have said already; but we forbear. In regard to Orpheus, what does he admire in him to make him assert that, by common consent, he was regarded as a divinely inspired man, and lived a noble life? I am greatly deceived if it is not the desire which Celsus has to oppose us and put down Jesus that leads him to sound forth the praises of Orpheus; and whether, when he made himself acquainted with his impious fables about the gods, he did not cast them aside as deserving, even more than the poems of Homer, to be excluded from a well-ordered state. For, indeed, Orpheus says much worse things than Homer of those whom they call gods. Noble, indeed, it was in Anaxarchus to say to Aristocreon, tyrant of Cyprus, "Beat on, beat the shell of Anaxarchus," but it is the one admirable incident in the life of Anaxarchus known to the Greeks; and although, on the strength of that, some like Celsus might deservedly honour the man for his courage, yet to look up to Anaxarchus as a god is not consistent with reason. He also directs us to Epictetus, whose firmness is justly admired, although his saying when his leg was broken by his master is not to be compared with the marvellous acts and words of Jesus which Celsus refuses to believe; and these words were accompanied by such a divine power, that even to this day they convert not only some of the more ignorant and simple, but many also of the most enlightened of men.