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The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret (CCEL)
Chapter XXVI. Of Didymus of Alexandria and Ephraim the Syrian.
At that period at Edessa flourished the admirable Ephraim, and at Alexandria Didymus, 1 both writers against the doctrines that are at variance with the truth. Ephraim, employing the Syrian language, shed beams of spiritual grace. Totally untainted as he was by heathen education 2 he was able to expose the niceties of heathen error, and lay bare the weakness of all heretical artifices. Harmonius 3 the son of Bardesanes 4 had once composed certain songs and by mixing sweetness of melody with his impiety beguiled the hearers, and led them to their destruction. Ephraim adopted the music of the songs, but set them to piety, and so gave the hearers at once great delight and a healing medicine. These songs are still used to enliven the festivals of our victorious martyrs.
Didymus, however, who from a child had been deprived of the sense of sight, had been educated in poetry, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, the logic of Aristotle, and the eloquence of Plato. Instruction in all these subjects he received by the sense of hearing alone,—not indeed as conveying the truth, but as likely to be weapons for the truth against falsehood. Of holy scriptures he learnt not only the sound but the sense. So among livers of ascetic lives and students of virtue, these men at that time were conspicuous.
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Flourished c. 309–399. Blind from the age of four, he educated himself with marvellous patience, and was placed by Athanasius at the head of the catechetical school of Alexandria. Jerome called him his teacher and seer and translated his Treatise on the Holy Spirit. Jer. de Vir. Illust. 109. ↩
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“ παιδείας ῾Ελληνικῆς .” His ignorance of languages weakens the force of his dialectic and illustrations. Vid. Dict. Christ. Biog. s.v. ↩
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Harmonius wrote about the end of the 2nd century, both in Greek and in Syriac. cf. Theod. Hæret. Fabul. Compend. i. 22, where he is said to have learned Greek at Athens. ↩
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Bardesanes, or Bar Daisan, the great Syrian gnostic, was born in 155. cf. the prologue to the “Dialogues.” ↩
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ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ
ιγʹ.
Ὅπως τοὺς ἀρετῇ διαλάμποντας τῶν ἐπισκόπων ἐξώρισε.
Τότε δὴ οὖν παρ´ αὐτὸν τῆς μυήσεως τὸν καιρὸν ὅρκοις δεσμεῖ τὸν τρισάθλιον, ὥστε καὶ τῇ τοῦ δόγματος δυσσεβείᾳ προσμεῖναι, καὶ τοὺς τἀναντία φρονοῦντας πάντοθεν ἐξελάσαι.
Οὕτω τὴν ἀποστολικὴν ἐκεῖνος διδασκαλίαν καταλιπών, τῆς ἐναντίας μερίδος ἐγένετο· καὶ βραχέος διεληλυθότος χρόνου τὰ λειπόμενα τῶν ὀμωμοσμένων ἐπλήρωσεν. Ἐξήλασε μὲν γὰρ ἐκ τῆς Ἀντιόχου τὸν μέγαν Μελέτιον, ἐκ δὲ Σαμοσάτων τὸν θεῖον Εὐσέβιον, Λαοδίκειαν δὲ Πελαγίου τοῦ θαυμασίου ποιμένος ἐστέρησεν· ὃς ἐδέξατο μὲν νέος ὢν τὸν τοῦ γάμου ζυγόν, ἐν αὐτῇ δὲ τῇ παστάδι, τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν γάμων ἡμέρᾳ, τὴν ἁγνείαν ἔπεισε τῆς κοινωνίας προτιμῆσαι τὴν νύμφην καὶ φιλοστοργίαν ἀδελφικὴν ἀντὶ γαμικῆς συναφείας ἔχειν αὐτὴν ἐξεπαίδευσεν. Οὕτω μὲν δὴ τὴν σωφροσύνην κατώρθωσεν. Εἶχε δὲ καὶ τὰς ταύτης ἀδελφὰς ἀρετὰς ἐν ἑαυτῷ σὺν αὐτῇ χορευούσας· οὗ δὴ ἕνεκα ψήφῳ κοινῇ τὴν προεδρίαν ἐδέξατο. Ἀλλ´ ὅμως οὐδὲ αἱ τῆς πολιτείας ἀκτίνες κατῄδεσαν τὸν τῆς ἀληθείας πολέμιον· ἀλλὰ τοῦτον μὲν εἰς τὴν Ἀραβίαν ἐξέπεμψεν, εἰς δὲ τὴν Ἀρμενίαν τὸν θεῖον Μελέτιον, εἰς δέ γε τὴν Θρᾴκην Εὐσέβιον τὸν τοῖς ἀποστολικοῖς ἱδρῶσι περιρρεόμενον. Οὗτος γὰρ πολλὰς τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν ἐρήμους εἶναι ποιμένων μαθών, στρατιωτικὸν ἀμπεχόμενος σχῆμα καὶ τιάρᾳ καλύπτων τὴν κεφαλήν, καὶ τὴν Συρίαν περιῄει καὶ τὴν Φοινίκην καὶ τὴν Παλαιστίνην, πρεσβυτέρους χειροτονῶν καὶ διακόνους καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τάγματα τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἀναπληρῶν· εἰ δέ ποτε καὶ ἐπισκόπων ὁμογνωμόνων ἐπέτυχε, καὶ προέδρους ταῖς δεομέναις ἐκκλησίαις προὐβάλλετο.