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The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret (CCEL)
Chapter XXI. Bishops of Heretical opinions ordained in Antioch after the Banishment of St. Eustathius.
1 Eulalius was first consecrated in place of Eustathius. But Eulalius surviving his elevation only a short period, it was intended that Eusebius of Palestine should be translated to this bishopric. Eusebius, however, refused the appointment, and the emperor forbade its being conferred on him. Next Euphronius was put forward, who also dying, after a lapse of only one year and a few months, the see was conferred on Flaccillus 2. All these bishops secretly clung to the Arian heresy. Hence it was that most of those individuals, whether of the clergy or of the laity, who valued the true religion, left the churches and formed assemblies among themselves. They were called Eustathians, since it was after the banishment of Eustathius that they began to hold their meetings. The wretched woman above-mentioned was soon after attacked by a severe and protracted illness, and then avowed the imposture in which she had been engaged, and made known the whole plot, not only to two or three, but to a very large number of priests. She confessed that she had been bribed to bring this false and impudent charge, but yet that her P. 58 oath was not altogether false, as a certain Eustathius, a coppersmith, was the father of the babe. Such were some of the crimes perpetrated in Antioch by this most excellent faction.
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Socrates, H E. i. 24, says that on the deposition of Eustathius “ ἐφεξῆς ἐπὶ ἔτη ὀκτὼ λέγεται τὸν ἐν ᾽Αντιοχεί& 139· θρόνον τῆς ἐκκλησίας σχολάσαι ὀψὲ δὲ…χειροτονεῖται Εὐφρόνιος .” Cf. Soz. H.E. ii. 19. There is much confusion about this succession of bishops. Jerome (Chron. ii. p. 92) gives the names of the Arian bishops thrust in succession into the place of Eustathius, as Eulalius, Eusebius, Eufronius, Placillus. “Perhaps Eulalius was put forward for the vacant see, like Eusebius, but never actually appointed.” Bp. Lightfoot, Dict. Christ. Biog. ii. 315. ↩
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This name is variously given as Placillus (Jerome), Placitus (Soz.) Flacillus (Ath. and Eus.), and in different versions of Theodoret are found Φλάκιτος, Πλακέντιος , Φάλκιος ↩
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ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ
καʹ.
Περὶ τῆς ὑπὸ Εὐσεβίου καὶ τῶν σὺν αὐτῷ γεγενημένης κατὰ τοῦ ἁγίου Εὐσταθίου τοῦ τῆς Ἀντιοχείας ἐπισκόπου συσκευῆς.
Τότε μὲν οὖν οὗτοι καὶ καθῃρέθησαν καὶ τῶν πόλεων ἐξηλάθησαν. Καὶ τὴν μὲν Νικομήδειαν Ἀμφίων ἐπιστεύθη, τὴν δὲ Νίκαιαν Χρῆστος. Ἀλλὰ πάλιν ταῖς ἐξ ἔθους χρησάμενοι μηχαναῖς καὶ τὴν βασιλέως φιλανθρωπίαν ἐφόδιον ἐξαπάτης εὑρόντες, ἀνεπάλαισάν τε καὶ τὴν προτέραν δυναστείαν ἀπέλαβον.
Ὁ δὲ Εὐσέβιος, ὡς ἤδη ἔφην, καὶ τὴν Κωνσταντινουπόλεως ἡγεμονίαν κατέσχε τυραννικῶς. Οὕτω δὲ τῆς πλείονος ἐπιλαβόμενος δυναστείας καὶ θαμὰ παρὰ βασιλέως φοιτῶν καὶ τὴν παρρησίαν ἐκ τῆς συχνοτέρας συνουσίας λαβών, τὰς κατὰ τῶν τῆς ἀληθείας προμάχων κατεσκεύασε μηχανάς. Καὶ πρῶτον ἱμείρεσθαι τῆς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων θέας σκηψάμενος, καὶ ταύτῃ τὸν βασιλέα βουκολήσας ὡς τὸ πολυθρύλητον τῆς οἰκοδομίας ἔργον ὀψόμενος, μετὰ πλείστης ἐκεῖθεν ἀπῆρε τιμῆς, τοῦ βασιλέως αὐτῷ καὶ ὀχήματα καὶ τὴν ἄλλην ἀπονείμαντος θεραπείαν. Συναπῆρε δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ Θεογόνιος ὁ Νικαίας, κοινωνὸς ὤν, ὡς καὶ πρόσθεν εἰρήκαμεν, τῶν πονηρῶν βουλευμάτων.
Ἀφικόμενοι δὲ εἰς τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν καὶ τὸ τῆς φιλίας περιθέμενοι προσωπεῖον, θεραπείας ἀπήλαυσαν ὅτι μάλιστα πλείστης· ὁ γὰρ τῆς ἀληθείας πρόμαχος ὁ μέγας Εὐστάθιος πᾶσαν αὐτοῖς ἀδελφικὴν φιλοφροσύνην προσήνεγκεν. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ τοὺς ἱεροὺς κατέλαβον τόπους καὶ τοὺς ὁμόφρονας ἐθεάσαντο, Εὐσέβιόν τε τὸν Καισαρείας καὶ τὸν Σκυθοπολίτην Πατρόφιλον καὶ τὸν Λύδδης Ἀέτιον καὶ τὸν Λαοδικείας Θεόδοτον καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ὅσοι τὴν λώβην εἰσεδέξαντο τὴν Ἀρείου, ἐμήνυσάν τε τὸ τυρευόμενον καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς τὴν Ἀντιόχου κατέλαβον. Καὶ τὸ μὲν πρόσχημα τῆς τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιδημίας προπόμπιος ἦν τιμή· τὸ δὲ καττυόμενον, ὁ κατὰ τῆς εὐσεβείας πόλεμος. Γύναιον γὰρ ἑταιρικὸν τὴν ὥραν ἀπεμπολοῦν μισθωσάμενοι καὶ τὴν γλῶτταν αὐτοῖς ἀποδόσθαι πείσαντες, συνῆλθον εἰς τὸ συνέδριον. Εἶτα τοὺς ἄλλους ἅπαντας ἔξω γενέσθαι κελεύσαντες, τὸ τρισάθλιον εἰσήγαγον γύναιον. Ἡ δὲ παιδίον ὑπότιτθον ὑποδεικνῦσα, ἐκ τῆς Εὐσταθίου συνουσίας ἔλεγε τοῦτο καὶ συνειληφέναι καὶ τετοκέναι καὶ ἀναίδην ἐβόα. Ὁ δὲ τῆς συκοφαντίας τὸ προφανὲς ἐπιστάμενος, εἴ τινα ἔχοι τούτου συνίστορα, ἄγειν εἰς μέσον ἐκέλευσεν. Ἐκείνης δὲ μηδένα ἔχειν μάρτυρα τῆς κατηγορίας λεγούσης, ὅρκον προὔτειναν οἱ δικαιότατοι δικασταί, καίτοι τοῦ νόμου διαρρήδην βοῶντος ἐπὶ δύο καὶ τριῶν μαρτύρων εἶναι βέβαια τὰ λεγόμενα, καὶ ἄντικρυς τοῦ ἀποστόλου κελεύοντος μηδὲ κατὰ πρεσβυτέρου γινομένην γραφὴν δίχα δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων προσδέχεσθαι. Ἀλλὰ τῶν θείων οὗτοι νόμων καταφρονήσαντες ἀμάρτυρον κατ´ ἀνδρὸς τοσούτου κατηγορίαν ἐδέξαντο. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ οἷς εἶπεν ἐκείνη τὸν ὅρκον προστέθεικε, βοῶσα ἦ μὴν Εὐσταθίου τὸ βρέφος εἶναι, ὡς κατὰ μοιχοῦ λοιπὸν οἱ φιλαλήθεις τὴν ψῆφον ἐξήνεγκαν. Τῶν δὲ ἄλλων ἀρχιερέων (παρῆσαν γὰρ οὐκ ὀλίγοι καὶ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν ὑπερμαχοῦντες δογμάτων καὶ τὰ τυρευθέντα παντάπασιν ἀγνοοῦντες) προφανῶς ἀντιλεγόντων καὶ τὸν μέγαν Εὐστάθιον τὴν ψῆφον ἐκείνην τὴν παράνομον δέξασθαι κωλυόντων, πρὸς βασιλέα τὴν ταχίστην οἱ τὸ δρᾶμα συντεθεικότες ἀπῆλθον, καὶ πείσαντες αὐτὸν ὡς ἀληθὴς ἡ γραφὴ καὶ δικαία τῆς καθαιρέσεως ἡ ψῆφος, ὡς μοιχὸν ὁμοῦ καὶ τύραννον ἐξελαθῆναι παρασκευάζουσι τὸν τῆς εὐσεβείας καὶ σωφροσύνης ἀγωνιστήν. Καὶ ἐκεῖνος μὲν διὰ τῆς Θρᾴκης εἰς Ἰλλυρικὴν πόλιν ἀπήχθη.