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The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret (CCEL)

Chapter XXVI. Another plot against Athanasius.

The calumniators of Athanasius, however, did not desist from their attempts. On the contrary, they devised so bold a fiction against him, that it surpassed every invention of the ancient writers of the tragic or comic stage. They again bribed individuals of the same party, and brought them before the emperor, vociferously accusing that champion of virtue of many abominable crimes. The leaders of the party were Eusebius, Theognis, and Theodorus, bishop of Perinthus, a city now called Heraclea ¹. After having accused Athanasius of crimes which they described as too shocking to be tolerated, or even listened to, they persuaded the emperor to convene a council at Cæsarea in Palestine, where Athanasius had many enemies, and to command that his cause should be there tried. The emperor, utterly ignorant of the plot that had been devised, was persuaded by them to give the required order.

But the holy Athanasius, well aware of the malevolence of those who were to try him, refused to appear at the council. This served as a pretext to those who opposed the truth to criminate him still further; and they accused him before the emperor of contumacy and arrogance. Nor were their hopes altogether frustrated; for the emperor, although exceedingly forbearing, became exasperated by their representations, and wrote to him in an angry manner, commanding him to repair to Tyre. Here the council was ordered to assemble, from the suspicion, as I think, that Athanasius had an apprehension of Cæsarea on account of its bishop. The emperor wrote also to the council in a style consistent with his devoted piety. His letter is as follows.

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ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

κςʹ.

Περὶ τῆς κατὰ τοῦ ἁγίου Ἀθανασίου τυρευθείσης ἐπιβουλῆς.

Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ θαυμασίου πρεσβύτου, ὃς τὴν Ἀρείου κατηγωνίσατο βλασφημίαν, τοῦ βίου τὸ τέρμα κατειληφότος μετὰ μῆνας πέντε τῆς ἐν Νικαίᾳ συνόδου, τὴν τῆς Ἀλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίας Ἀθανάσιος διεδέξατο προεδρίαν, ἀνὴρ παιδόθεν μὲν τοῖς θείοις μαθήμασιν ἐντραφείς, ἐν ἑκάστῃ δὲ τάξει τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν χορῶν γενόμενος ἀξιάγαστος. Οὗτος ἐν τῇ μεγάλῃ συνόδῳ τοὺς ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν δογμάτων ἀγῶνας ἀναδεξάμενος, παρὰ μὲν τῶν τῆς ἀληθείας εὐφημεῖτο προμάχων, τῶν δέ γε ἀντιπάλων, ὡς ἀνταγωνιστής, ἐχθρὸς ἐγένετο καὶ πολέμιος. Συνῆν δὲ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ τῷ πάνυ νέος μὲν ὢν τὴν ἡλικίαν, τοῦ χοροῦ δὲ τῶν διακόνων ἡγούμενος. Ταύτην αὐτοῦ τὴν ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀληθείας προθυμίαν τῇ πείρᾳ μεμαθηκότες οἱ τῷ μονογενεῖ θεῷ πολεμεῖν ἐγνωκότες, καὶ γνόντες τῆς Ἀλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίας ἐγχειρισθέντα τοὺς οἴακας, κατάλυσιν τῆς σφετέρας δυσσεβείας ὑπέλαβον τὴν ἐκείνου ἡγεμονίαν. Τούτου δὴ εἵνεκα τοιόνδε τι μηχανῶνται.

Μελίτιος ἐκεῖνος, ὃν ἡ ἐν Νικαίᾳ σύνοδος ἀπεκήρυξεν, ἐπέμενε κυκῶν καὶ ταράττων τήν τε Θηβαΐδα καὶ τὴν ταύτῃ πελάζουσαν Αἴγυπτον· τῶν τούτου στασιωτῶν τινας μισθωσάμενοι, ἵν´ ἀνύποπτον ᾖ τῆς κατηγορίας τὸ σχῆμα, πείθουσι πρὸς βασιλέα δραμεῖν καὶ συκοφαντίαν ὑφῆναι, ὡς Ἀθανάσιος τελωνεῖ μὲν τὴν Αἴγυπτον, τὸ δὲ συναθροιζόμενον χρυσίον ἀνδρί τινι τυραννίδα κατασκευάζοντι χορηγεῖ. Καὶ τὰς βασιλέως ἐξαπατήσαντες ἀκοὰς εἰς τὴν Κωνσταντινούπολιν τὸν Ἀθανάσιον ἤγαγον. Ὁ δὲ ἀφικόμενος διήλεγξε τῶν κατηγορημάτων τὸ ψεῦδος καὶ τὴν θεόθεν ἐγχειρισθεῖσαν ἀπέλαβεν ἐκκλησίαν· δηλοῖ δὲ ταῦτα καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐξ ὧν πρὸς τὴν Ἀλεξανδρέων ἔγραψεν ἐκκλησίαν, ὧν τὸ τελευταῖον μέρος ἐνθήσω τῇ συγγραφῇ.