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Bekenntnisse
2. Er lehrt die Rhetorik und hat eine Geliebte; von der Vogelschau will er nichts wissen.
In jenen Jahren lehrte ich die Rhetorik und verkaufte, selbst von den Leidenschaften besiegt, siegreiche Geschwätzigkeit, Doch wollte ich lieber - Herr, du weißt es - gute Schüler haben, was man so gute nennt, und ohne trügerische Absicht lehrte ich sie Trugkünste, die sie freilich nicht gegen Unschuldige, sondern nur gegen Schuldige in Anwendung bringen sollten. Und du, mein Gott, sahst von ferne, wie ich taumelte auf schlüpfriger Bahn und nur noch ganz schwach, vom Rauche beinahe erstickt, meine Treue, die ich in meinem Lehramte denen bewies, die „die Eitelkeiten lieben und der Lüge nachgehen“1, einige Funken sprühte. In jenen Jahren hatte ich ein Weib, keine rechtmäßige Gattin, sondern meine umherschweifende, unbesonnene Glut hatte sie aufgespürt; aber es war doch meine einzige Geliebte, und ich hielt ihr wenigstens Treue. An ihr sollte ich wahrlich aus eigener Erfahrung den Unterschied zwischen einem zum Zwecke der Kindererzeugung geschlossenen ehelichen Bunde und einer losen Verbindung unreiner Liebe erfahren, wo Kinder sehr unwillkommen sind, auch wenn sie uns nachher Liebe abzwingen.
Ich erinnere mich auch, daß ich mich einst mit einem dramatischen Gedichte an einem Wettstreit beteiligen wollte und irgendein Wahrsager mich anfragen S. 60 ließ, welchen Lohn ich ihm geben wolle, damit ich siege; ich aber antwortete ihm, voll Haß und Abscheu gegen jene abscheulichen Blendwerke, daß ich nicht einmal eine Mücke für meinen Sieg töten lassen würde, und wenn jener Kranz von Gold wäre. Denn jener gedachte, bei seinen Opfern Tiere zu schlachten, und wollte offenbar durch solche Ehrungen die Dämonen für meine Unterstützung verpflichten. Aber auch diese Sünde wies ich nicht aus keuscher Liebe zu dir, Gott meines Herzens, zurück. Denn noch verstand ich nicht, dich zu lieben, da ich nur körperlichen Schein zu denken wußte. Die Seele aber, die solchen Scheinbildern anhängt, „buhlt fern von dir“2, baut auf Trug und „weidet Winde“3. Aber freilich, ich sträubte mich, daß man den Teufeln für mich opfere, denen ich mich doch selbst durch jenen Aberglauben zum Opfer brachte. Denn was ist "Winde weiden" anders, als die bösen Geister selbst weiden, d. h. in seinem Irrtum ihnen ein Gegenstand des Spottes und des Gelächters sein?
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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books
Chapter II.--He Teaches Rhetoric, the Only Thing He Loved, and Scorns the Soothsayer, Who Promised Him Victory.
2. In those years I taught the art of rhetoric, and, overcome by cupidity, put to sale a loquacity by which to overcome. Yet I preferred--Lord, Thou knowest--to have honest scholars (as they are esteemed); and these I, without artifice, taught artifices, not to be put in practise against the life of the guiltless, though sometimes for the life of the guilty. And Thou, O God, from afar sawest me stumbling in that slippery path, and amid much smoke 1 sending out some flashes of fidelity, which I exhibited in that my guidance of such as loved vanity and sought after leasing, 2 I being their companion. In those years I had one (whom I knew not in what is called lawful wedlock, but whom my wayward passion, void of understanding, had discovered), yet one only, remaining faithful even to her; in whom I found out truly by my own experience what difference there is between the restraints of the marriage bonds, contracted for the sake of issue, and the compact of a lustful love, where children are born against the parents will, although, being born, they compel love.
3. I remember, too, that when I decided to compete for a theatrical prize, a soothsayer demanded of me what I would give him to win; but I, detesting and abominating such foul mysteries, answered, "That if the garland were of imperishable gold, I would not suffer a fly to be destroyed to secure it for me." For he was to slay certain living creatures in his sacrifices, and by those honours to invite the devils to give me their support. But this ill thing I also refused, not out of a pure love 3 for Thee, O God of my heart; for I knew not how to love Thee, knowing not how to conceive aught beyond corporeal brightness. 4 And doth not a soul, sighing after such-like fictions, commit fornication against Thee, trust in false things, 5 and nourish the wind? 6 But I would not, forsooth, have sacrifices offered to devils on my behalf, though I myself was offering sacrifices to them by that superstition. For what else is nourishing the wind but nourishing them, that is, by our wanderings to become their enjoyment and derision?
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Isa. xlii. 3, and Matt. xii. 20. ↩
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Ps. iv. 2. ↩
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"He alone is truly pure who waiteth on God, and keepeth himself to Him alone " (Aug. De Vita Beata, sec. 18). "Whoso seeketh God is pure, because the soul hath in God her legitimate husband. Whosoever seeketh of God anything besides God, doth not love God purely. If a wife loved her husband because he is rich, she is not pure, for she loveth not her husband but the gold of her husband" (Aug. Serm. 137). "Whoso seeks from God any other reward but God, and for it would serve God, esteems what he wishes to receive more than Him from whom he would receive it. What, then? hath God no reward? None, save Himself. The reward of God is God Himself. This it loveth; if it love aught beside, it is no pure love. You depart from the immortal flame, you will be chilled, corrupted. Do not depart; it will be thy corruption, will be fornication in thee" (Aug. in Ps. lxxii. sec. 32). "The pure fear of the Lord (Ps. xix. 9) is that wherewith the Church, the more ardently she loveth her husband, the more diligently she avoids offending Him, and therefore love, when perfected, casteth not out this fear, but it remaineth for ever and ever" (Aug. in loc.). "Under the name of pure fear is signified that will whereby we must needs be averse from sin, and avoid sin, not through the constant anxiety of infirmity, but through the tranquillity of affection" (De Civ. Dei, xiv. sec. 65).--E. B. P. ↩
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See note on sec. 9, below. ↩
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"Indisputably we must take care, lest the mind, believing that which it does not see, feign to itself something which is not, and hope for and love that which is false. For in that case it will not be charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned, which is the end of the commandment" (De Trin. viii. sec. 6). And again (Confessions, i. 1): "For who can call on Thee, not knowing Thee? For he that knoweth Thee not may call on Thee as other than Thou art." ↩
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Hosea xii. 1. ↩