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Les confessions de Saint Augustin
CHAPITRE PREMIER. AUGUSTIN VA TROUVER LE VIEILLARD SIMPLICIANUS.
1. Mon Dieu, que mes souvenirs soient des actions de grâces, et que je publie vos miséricordes sur moi! Que toutes mes puissances intérieures se pénètrent de votre amour, qu’elles s’écrient: « Seigneur, qui est semblable à vous (Ps. XXXIV, 10)?» Vous avez brisé mes liens; que mon coeur vous sacrifie un sacrifice de louange (Ps. CXV, 17). Je raconterai comment vous les avez brisés, et tous ceux qui vous adorent diront à ce récit: Béni soit le Seigneur au ciel et sur la terre ! Grand et admirable est son nom.
Vos paroles s’étaient gravées au fond de mari âme, et votre présence l’assiégeait de toutes parts. J’étais certain de votre éternelle vie, quoiqu’elle ne m’apparût qu’en énigme et comme en un miroir ( I Cor. XIII, 12). Il ne me restait plus aucun doute que votre incorruptible substance ne fût le principe de toute substance, et ce n’était pas plus de certitude de vous, mais plus de stabilité en vous que je désirais. Car dans ma vie temporelle tout chancelait, et mon cœur était à purifier du vieux levain; et la voie, le Sauveur lui-même me plaisait, mais je redoutais les épines de son étroit sentier.
Et votre secrète inspiration me fit trouver bon d’aller vers Simplicianus, qui me semblait un de vos fidèles serviteurs; en lui résidaient les lumières de votre grâce. J’avais appris que dès sa jeunesse il avait vécu dans la piété la plus fervente. Il était vieux alors, et ces long jours, passés dans l’étude de vos voies, me garantissaient sa savante expérience; et je ne fus pas trompé. Je voulais, en le consultant sur les perplexités de mon âme, savoir de lui le traitement propre à la guérir, à la remettre dans votre chemin.
2. Car je voyais bien votre Eglise remplie, mais chacun y suivait un sentier différent. Je souffrais de vivre dans le siècle, et je m’étais à charge à moi-même; l’ardeur de mes passions déjà ralentie ne trouvait plus dans l’espoir des honneurs et de la fortune un aliment à la patience d’un joug si lourd. Ces espérances perdaient leurs délices, au prix de votre douceur et de la beauté de votre maison que j’aimais ( Ps. XXV, 8). Mais le lien le plus fort qui me retînt, c’était la femme. Et l’Apôtre ne me défendait pas le mariage, quoiqu’il nous convie à un état plus parfait, lui qui veut que tous les hommes soient comme il était lui-même ( I Cor. VII, 7).
Trop faible encore, je me cherchais une place plus douce; aussi je me traînais dans tout le reste, plein de langueur, rongé de soucis et pressentant certains ennuis, dont je déclinais le fardeau, dans cette vie conjugale qui enchaînait tous mes voeux. J’avais appris de la bouche de la Vérité même, qu’il est des eunuques volontaires pour le royaume des cieux : mais, « entende, qui peut entendre, » ajoute l’Homme-Dieu (Matth. XIX, 12).
«Vanité que l’homme qui n’a pas la science de Dieu, à qui la vue du bien n’a pas dévoilé celui qui est (Sag. XIII, 1).» J’étais déjà sorti de ce néant. Je m’élevais plus haut; guidé parle témoignage universel de votre création, je vous avais trouvé, ô mon Créateur, et en vous votre Verbe, Dieu un avec vous et le Saint-Esprit, par qui vous avez tout créé.
Il est encore une autre sorte d’impies qui connaissent Dieu, mais sans le glorifier comme Dieu (Rom. I, 21), sans lui rendre hommage. Voilà le (429) précipice où j’étais tombé, et votre droite m’en retira (Ps. XVII, 36) et me mit en voie de convalescence. Car, vous avez dit à l’homme: « La piété est la vraie science (Job. XXVIII, 28). Ne désire point passer pour sage (Prov. III, 7), « parce que ceux qui se proclamaient sages sont devenus fous (Ro. I, 21,22). » Et j’avais déjà trouvé la perle précieuse qu’il fallait acheter au prix de tous mes biens (Matth. 13, 46), et j’hésitais encore.
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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books
Chapter I.--He, Now Given to Divine Things, and Yet Entangled by the Lusts of Love, Consults Simplicianus in Reference to the Renewing of His Mind.
1. O My God, let me with gratitude remember and confess unto Thee Thy mercies bestowed upon me. Let my bones be steeped in Thy love, and let them say, Who is like unto Thee, O Lord? 1 "Thou hast loosed my bonds, I will offer unto Thee the sacrifice of thanksgiving." 2 And how Thou hast loosed them I will declare; and all who worship Thee when they hear these things shall say: "Blessed be the Lord in heaven and earth, great and wonderful is His name." Thy words had stuck fast into my breast, and I was hedged round about by Thee on every side. 3 Of Thy eternal life I was now certain, although I had seen it "through a glass darkly." 4 Yet I no longer doubted that there was an incorruptible substance, from which was derived all other substance; nor did I now desire to be more certain of Thee, but more stedfast in Thee. As for my temporal life, all things were uncertain, and my heart had to be purged from the old leaven. 5 The "Way," 6 the Saviour Himself, was pleasant unto me, but as yet I disliked to pass through its straightness. And Thou didst put into my mind, and it seemed good in my eyes, to go unto Simplicianus, 7 who appeared to me a faithful servant of Thine, and Thy grace shone in him. I had also heard that from his very youth he had lived most devoted to Thee. Now he had grown into years, and by reason of so great age, passed in such zealous following of Thy ways, he appeared to me likely to have gained much experience; and so in truth he had. Out of which experience I desired him to tell me (setting before him my griefs) which would be the most fitting way for one afflicted as I was to walk in Thy way.
2. For the Church I saw to be full, and one went this way, and another that. But it was displeasing to me that I led a secular life; yea, now that my passions had ceased to excite me as of old with hopes of honour and wealth, a very grievous burden it was to undergo so great a servitude. For, compared with Thy sweetness, and the beauty of Thy house, which I loved, 8 those things delighted me no longer. But still very tenaciously was I held by the love of women; nor did the apostle forbid me to marry, although he exhorted me to something better, especially wishing that all men were as he himself was. 9 But I, being weak, made choice of the more agreeable place, and because of this alone was tossed up and down in all beside, faint and languishing with withering cares, because in other matters I was compelled, though unwilling, to agree to a married life, to which I was given up and enthralled. I had heard from the mouth of truth that "there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake;" but, saith He, "he that is able to receive it, let him receive it." 10 Vain, assuredly, are all men in whom the knowledge of God is not, and who could not, out of the good things which are seen, find out Him who is good. 11 But I was no longer in that vanity; I had surmounted it, and by the united testimony of Thy whole creation had found Thee, our Creator, 12 and Thy Word, God with Thee, and together with Thee and the Holy Ghost 13 one God, by whom Thou createdst all things. There is yet another kind of impious men, who "when they knew God, they glorified Him not as God, neither were thankful." 14 Into this also had I fallen; but Thy right hand held me up, 15 and bore me away, and Thou placedst me where I might recover. For Thou hast said unto man, "Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is wisdom;" 16 and desire not to seem wise, 17 because, "Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools." 18 But I had now found the goodly pearl, 19 which, selling all that I had, 20 I ought to have bought; and I hesitated.
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Ps. xxxv. 10. ↩
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Ps. cxvi. 16, 17. ↩
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Job. i. 10. ↩
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1 Cor. xiii. 12. ↩
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1 Cor. v. 7. ↩
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John xiv. 6. ↩
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"Simplicianus became a successor of the most blessed Ambrose, Bishop of the Church of Milan' (Aug. Retract. ii. 1). To him St. Augustin wrote two books, De Diversis Quaestionibus (Op. t. vi. p. 82 sq.), and calls him father' (ibid.), speaks of his fatherly affections from his most benevolent heart, not recent or sudden, but tried and known' (Ep. 37), requests his remarks and corrections of any books of his which might chance to fall into his holy hands' (ibid.) St. Ambrose mentions his having traversed the whole world, for the sake of the faith, and of acquiring divine knowledge, and having given the whole period of this life to holy reading, night and day: that he had an acute mind, whereby he took in intellectual studies, and was in the habit of proving how far the books of philosophy were gone astray from the truth,' Ep. 65, sec 5, p. 1052, ed. Ben. See also Tillemont, H. E. t. 10, Art. S. Simplicien.'"--E. B. P. ↩
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Ps. xxvi. 8. ↩
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1 Cor. vii. 7. ↩
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Matt. xix. 12. ↩
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Wisd. xiii. 1. ↩
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See iv. sec, 18, and note, above. ↩
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"And the Holy Ghost." These words, though in the text of the Benedictine edition are not, as the editors point out, found in the majority of the best mss. ↩
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Rom. i. 21. ↩
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Ps. xviii. 35. ↩
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Job xxviii. 28. ↩
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Prov. iii. 7. ↩
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Rom. i. 22. ↩
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In his Quaest. ex. Matt. 13, likewise, Augustin compares Christ to the pearl of great price, who is in every way able to satisfy the cravings of man. ↩
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Matt. xiii. 46. ↩