Übersetzung
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De la grâce de Jésus-Christ et du péché originel
3.
« L'évêque Aurélius dit : Qu'on lise ce qui suit. On lut que le péché d'Adam n'a nui qu'à son auteur et non pas au genre humain. Après cette lecture, Célestius ajouta : J'ai dit que je doutais de la transmission du péché, sauf toutefois à me ranger de l'avis de celui qui me paraîtra avoir reçu de Dieu la grâce de mieux connaître la question; et, en effet, j'ai entendu bien des choses contradictoires sur ce point de la part de prêtres catholiques. Le diacre Paulin répondit : Déclinez le nom de ces prêtres. Célestius répliqua : Le saint prêtre Rufin de Rome, lequel demeura avec saint Pammachius; je lui ai entendu dire qu'il n'y a pas de transmission de péché. En est-il encore d'autres, demanda Paulin ? J'en ai entendu beaucoup d'autres, répondit Célestius. — Paulin. Donnez-nous leurs noms. — Célestius. Est-ce qu'un seul prêtre ne vous suffit pas? Un peu plus loin nous lisons encore: L'évêque Aurélius dit : Qu'on achève la lecture du libelle. On lut que les enfants, à leur naissance, sont dans le même état qu'Adam avant sa prévarication; et on continua ainsi jusqu'à la fin la lecture de ce court opuscule.
« L'évêque Aurélius dit : Célestius, est-il vrai, comme le diacre Paulin vient de l'affirmer, que vous avez enseigné que les enfants à leur naissance sont dans le même état qu'Adam avant sa prévarication ? — Célestius. Qu'il prouve ce qu'il avance; pourquoi précise-t-il, avant la prévarication ? — Paulin. Niez donc que vous ayez émis cette doctrine. Je lui laisse le choix: .
qu'il affirme que cet enseignement n'est jamais sorti de ses lèvres, ou qu'il le condamne formellement. — Célestius. J'ai dit que je le sommais de nous rendre raison de cette parole : avant la prévarication. — Paulin. Niez-vous que vous ayez émis cette doctrine? — L'évêque Aurélius. Permettez-moi de résumer cette objection : Adam « placé dans le paradis terrestre, et jusque-là destiné à ne pas mourir, est devenu sujet à la mort en punition de son péché. Paulin, est-ce là ce que vous dites ? — Paulin. Oui, c'est bien là ce que j'affirme. — Aurélius. Les enfants à baptiser sont-ils dans le même état qu'Adam avant sa prévarication; oubien, par le fait même de leur naissance, sont-ils coupables du péché originel? tel est ce point sur lequel Paulin voudrait entendre les explications de Célestins. — Paulin. Je demande s'il enseigne le péché originel ou s'il le nie. — Célestius. J'ai déjà parlé de la transmission du péché, car parmi les catholiques j'ai entendu les uns affirmer et les autres nier; je crois du reste qu'il y a ici matière à discussion et non pas à hérésie. J'ai toujours dit que les enfants ont besoin du baptême et doivent être baptisés; pourquoi m'en demande-t-il davantage ? »
Übersetzung
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A Treatise on the grace of christ, and on original sin
Chapter 3 [III.]--Part of the Proceedings of the Council of Carthage Against Coelestius.
"The bishop Aurelius said: Let what follows be recited.' It was accordingly recited, That the sin of Adam was injurious to him alone, and not to the human race.' Then, after the recital, Coelestius said: I said that I was in doubt about the transmission of sin, 1 but so as to yield assent to any man whom God has gifted with the grace of knowledge; for I have heard different opinions from those who have been even appointed presbyters in the Catholic Church.' The deacon Paulinus 2 said: Tell us their names.' Coelestius answered: The holy presbyter Rufinus, 3 who lived at Rome with the holy Pammachius. I have heard him declare that there is no transmission of sin.' The deacon Paulinus then asked: Is there any one else?' Coelestius replied: I have heard more say the same.' The deacon Paulinus rejoined: Tell us their names.' Coelestius said: Is not one priest enough for you?'" Then afterwards in another place we read: "The bishop Aurelius said: Let the rest of the accusation be read.' It then was recited That infants at their birth are in the same state that Adam was before the transgression;' and they read to the very end of the brief accusation which had been previously put in. [IV.] The bishop Aurelius inquired: Have you, Coelestius, taught at any time, as the deacon Paulinus has stated, that infants are at their birth in the same state that Adam was before his transgression?' Coelestius answered: Let him explain what he meant when he said, "before the transgression.'" The deacon Paulinus then said: Do you on your side deny that you ever taught this doctrine? It must be one of two things: he must either say that he never so taught, or else he must now condemn the opinion.' Coelestius rejoined: I have already said, Let him explain the words he mentioned, "before the transgression."' The deacon Paulinus then said: You must deny ever having taught this.' The bishop Aurelius said: I ask, What conclusion I have on my part to draw from this man's obstinacy; my affirmation is, that although Adam, as created in Paradise, is said to have been made immortal at first, he afterwards became corruptible through transgressing the commandment. Do you say this, brother Paulinus?' I do, my lord,' answered the deacon Paulinus. Then the bishop Aurelius said: As regards the condition of infants before baptism at the present day, the deacon Paulinus wishes to be informed whether it is such as Adam's was before the transgression; and whether it derives the guilt of transgression from the same origin of sin from which it is born?' The deacon Paulinus asked: Let him deny whether he taught this, or not.' Coelestius answered: As touching the transmission of sin, I have already asserted, that I have heard many persons of acknowledged position in the catholic Church deny it altogether; and on the other hand, others affirm it: it may be fairly deemed a matter for inquiry, but not a heresy. I have always maintained that infants require baptism, and ought to be baptized. What else does he want?'"
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De traduce peccati, the technical phrase to express the conveyance by birth of original sin. ↩
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This Paulinus, according to Mercator (Commonit. super nomine Coelestii), was the deacon of Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, and the author of his biography, which he wrote at the instance of Augustin. According to his own showing, he lived in Africa, and wrote the Life of Ambrose when John was pretorian prefect, i.e. either in the year 412, or 413, or 422. The trial mentioned in the text took place about the commencement of the year 412, according to Augustin's letter to Pope Innocent (See Augustin's letter, 175, 1. 6). See above, in the treatise On the Proceedings of Pelagius, 23. ↩
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Mercator (Commonit. adv. Haeres. Pelagii) informs us that a certain Syrian called Rufinus introduced the discussion against original sin and its transmission into Rome in the pontificate of Anastasius. According to some, this was the Rufinus of Aquileia, whom Jerome (in Epist. ad Ctesiphont.) notices as the precursor of Pelagius in his error about the sinless nature of man; according, however, to others, it is the other Rufinus, mentioned by Jerome in his 66th Epistle, who is possibly the same as he who rejects the transmission of original sin in a treatise On Faith, which J. Sismondi published as the work of Rufinus, a presbyter of the province of Palestine. It is, at any rate, hardly possible to suppose that the Aquileian Rufinus either went to Rome, or lodged there with Pammachius, in the time of Pope Anastasius. ↩