Übersetzung ausblenden
The City of God

Chapter 29.--Of the Coming of Elias Before the Judgment, that the Jews May Be Converted to Christ by His Preaching and Explanation of Scripture.

After admonishing them to give heed to the law of Moses, as he foresaw that for a long time to come they would not understand it spiritually and rightly, he went on to say, "And, behold, I will send to you Elias the Tishbite before the great and signal day of the Lord come: and he shall turn the heart of the father to the son, and the heart of a man to his next of kin, lest I come and utterly smite the earth." ¹ It is a familiar theme in the conversation and heart of the faithful, that in the last days before the judgment the Jews shall believe in the true Christ, that is, our Christ, by means of this great and admirable prophet Elias who shall expound the law to them. For not without reason do we hope that before the coming of our Judge and Saviour Elias shall come, because we have good reason to believe that he is now alive; for, as Scripture most distinctly informs us, ² he was taken up from this life in a chariot of fire. When, therefore, he is come, he shall give a spiritual explanation of the law which the Jews at present understand carnally, and shall thus "turn the heart of the father to the son," that is, the heart of fathers to their children; for the Septuagint translators have frequently put the singular for the plural number. And the meaning is, that the sons, that is, the Jews, shall understand the law as the fathers, that is, the prophets, and among them Moses himself, understood it. For the heart of the fathers shall be turned to their children when the children understand the law as their fathers did; and the heart of the children shall be turned to their fathers when they have the same sentiments as the fathers. The Septuagint used the expression, "and the heart of a man to his next of kin," because fathers and children are eminently neighbors to one another. Another and a preferable sense can be found in the words of the Septuagint translators, who have translated Scripture with an eye to prophecy, the sense, viz., that Elias shall turn the heart of God the Father to the Son, not certainly as if he should bring about this love of the Father for the Son, but meaning that he should make it known, and that the Jews also, who had previously hated, should then love the Son who is our Christ. For so far as regards the Jews, God has His heart turned away from our Christ, this being their conception about God and Christ. But in their case the heart of God shall be turned to the Son when they themselves shall turn in heart, and learn the love of the Father towards the Son. The words following, "and the heart of a man to his next of kin,"--that is, Elias shall also turn the heart of a man to his next of kin,--how can we understand this better than as the heart of a man to the man Christ? For though in the form of God He is our God, yet, taking the form of a servant, He condescended to become also our next of kin. It is this, then, which Elias will do, "lest," he says, "I come and smite the earth utterly." For they who mind earthly things are the earth. Such are the carnal Jews until this day; and hence these murmurs of theirs against God, "The wicked are pleasing to Him," and "It is a vain thing to serve God." ³

Edition ausblenden
De civitate Dei (CCSL)

Caput XXIX: De aduentu Heliae ante iudicium, cuius praedicatione scripturarum secreta reserante Iudaei conuertentur ad Christum.

Cum autem admonuisset, ut meminissent legis Moysi - quoniam praeuidebat eos multo adhuc tempore non eam spiritaliter, sicut oportuerat, accepturos - , continuo subiecit? et ecce ego mittam uobis Heliam Thesbiten, antequam ueniat dies domini magnus et inlustris, qui conuertet cor patris ad filium et cor hominis ad proximum suum, ne forte ueniens percutiam terram penitus. per hunc Heliam magnum mirabilemque prophetam exposita sibi lege ultimo tempore ante iudicium Iudaeos in Christum uerum, id est in Christum nostrum, esse credituros, celeberrimum est in sermonibus cordibusque fidelium. ipse quippe ante aduentum iudicis saluatoris non inmerito speratur esse uenturus, quia etiamnunc uiuere non inmerito creditur. curru namque igneo raptus est de rebus humanis, quod euidentissime sancta scriptura testatur. cum uenerit ergo, exponendo legem spiritaliter, quam nunc Iudaei carnaliter sapiunt, conuertet cor patris ad filium, id est cor patrum ad filios; singularem quippe pro numero plurali interpretes septuaginta posuerunt; et est sensus, ut etiam filii sic intellegant legem, id est Iudaei, quemadmodum eam patres intellexerunt, id est prophetae, in quibus erat et ipse Moyses; sic enim cor patrum conuertetur ad filios, cum intellegentia patrum perducetur ad intellegentiam filiorum; et cor filiorum ad patres eorum, dum in id, quod senserunt illi, consentiunt et isti; ubi septuaginta dixerunt: et cor hominis ad proximum suum. sunt enim inter se ualde proximi patres et filii. quamquam in uerbis septuaginta interpretum, qui prophetice interpretati sunt, potest alius sensus idemque electior inueniri, ut intellegatur Helias cor dei patris conuersurus ad filium: non utique agendo ut pater diligat filium, sed docendo quod pater diligat filium; ut et Iudaei, quem prius oderant, diligant eundem, qui noster est, Christum. Iudaeis enim nunc auersum cor habet deus a Christo nostro, quia hoc putant. eis ergo tunc cor eius conuertetur ad filium, cum ipsi conuerso corde didicerint dilectionem patris in filium. quod uero sequitur: et cor hominis ad proximum suum, id est, conuertet Helias et cor hominis ad proximum suum: quid melius intellegitur quam cor hominis ad hominem Christum? cum enim sit in forma dei deus noster, formam serui accipiens esse dignatus est etiam proximus noster. hoc ergo faciet Helias. ne forte, inquit, ueniam et percutiam terram penitus. terra sunt enim, qui terrena sapiunt, sicut Iudaei carnales usque nunc; ex quo uitio contra deum murmura illa uenerunt: quia mali ei placent, et: uanus est qui seruit deo.