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Origen Against Celsus

Chapter LXIV.

And now, after these arguments, and others of a similar kind, how can Celsus escape appearing in a ridiculous light, when he imagines that there never has been in the past, nor will be in the future, a greater or less number of evils? For although the nature of all things is one and the same, it does not at all follow that the production of evils is a constant quantity. ¹ For although the nature of a certain individual is one and the same, yet his mind, and his reason, and his actions, are not always alike: ² there being a time when he had not yet attained to reason; and another, when, with the possession of reason, he had become stained with wickedness, and when this increased to a greater or less degree; and again, a time when he devoted himself to virtue, and made greater or less progress therein, attaining sometimes the very summit of perfection, through longer or shorter periods of contemplation. ³ In like manner, we may make the same assertion in a higher degree of the nature of the universe, ⁴ that although it is one and the same in kind, yet neither do exactly the same things, nor yet things that are similar, occur in it; for we neither have invariably productive nor unproductive seasons, nor yet periods of continuous rain or of drought. And so in the same way, with regard to virtuous souls, there are neither appointed periods of fertility nor of barrenness; and the same is the case with the greater or less spread of evil. And those who desire to investigate all things to the best of their ability, must keep in view this estimate of evils, that their amount is not always the same, owing to the working of a Providence which either preserves earthly things, or purges them by means of floods and conflagrations; and effects this, perhaps, not merely with reference to things on earth, but also to the whole universe of things ⁵ which stands in need of purification, when the wickedness that is in it has become great.

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Contra Celsum

64.

Πῶς ἐκ τούτων καὶ τῶν παραπλησίων οὐ καταγέλαστος φαίνεται Κέλσος, οἰόμενος τὰ κακὰ μήτε πλείω μήτε ἥττω γενέσθαι ποτ' ἄν; Εἰ γὰρ καὶ μία τῶν ὅλων φύσις καὶ ἡ αὐτή, οὐ πάντως καὶ ἡ τῶν κακῶν γένεσις ἀεὶ ἡ αὐτή. Ὡς γὰρ μιᾶς καὶ τῆς αὐτῆς οὔσης τῆς τοῦδέ τινος ἀνθρώπου φύσεως οὐκ ἀεὶ τὰ αὐτά ἐστι περὶ τὸ ἡγεμονικὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰς πράξεις, ὁτὲ μὲν οὔτε λόγον ἀνειληφότος ὁτὲ δὲ μετὰ τοῦ λόγου κακίαν, καὶ ταύτην ἤτοι ἐπὶ πλεῖον ἢ ἐπ' ἔλαττον χεομένην, καὶ ἔστιν ὅτε προτραπέντος ἐπ' ἀρετὴν καὶ προκόπτοντος ἐπὶ πλεῖον ἢ ἐπ' ἔλαττον καὶ ἐνίοτε φθάνοντος καὶ ἐπ' αὐτὴν τὴν ἀρετὴν ἐν πλείοσι θεωρίαις γινομένην ἢ ἐν ἐλάττοσιν· οὕτως ἔστιν εἰπεῖν μᾶλλον καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς τῶν ὅλων φύσεως ὅτι, εἰ καὶ μία ἐστὶ καὶ ἡ αὐτὴ τῷ γένει, ἀλλ' οὐ τὰ αὐτὰ ἀεὶ οὐδ' ὁμογενῆ συμβαίνει ἐν τοῖς ὅλοις· οὔτε γὰρ εὐφορίαι ἀεὶ οὔτ' ἀφορίαι ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἐπομβρίαι οὔτε αὐχμοί, οὕτω δὲ οὐδὲ ψυχῶν κρειττόνων εὐφορίαι τεταγμέναι ἢ ἀφορίαι, καὶ χειρόνων ἐπὶ πλεῖον χύσις ἢ ἐπ' ἔλαττον. Καὶ ἀναγκαῖός γε τοῖς ἀκριβοῦν πάντα κατὰ τὸ δυνατὸν βουλομένοις ὁ περὶ τῶν κακῶν λόγος, οὐ μενόντων ἀεὶ ἐν ταὐτῷ διὰ τὴν ἤτοι τηροῦσαν τὰ ἐπὶ γῆς πρόνοιαν ἢ κατακλυσμοῖς καὶ ἐκπυρώσεσι καθαίρουσαν, καὶ τάχα οὐ τὰ ἐπὶ γῆς μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ, δεομένῳ καθαρσίου, ὅταν πολλὴ ἡ κακία γένηται ἐν αὐτῷ.