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Works Hippolytus of Rome (170-235) The Refutation of All Heresies
Book IV.

Chapter XLI.--Making a Skull Speak.

But putting a skull on the ground, they make it speak in this manner. The skull itself is made out of the caul of an ox; 1 and when fashioned into the requisite figure, by means of Etruscan wax and prepared gum, 2 (and) when this membrane is placed around, it presents the appearance of a skull, which seems to all 3 to speak when the contrivance operates; in the same manner as we have explained in the case of the (attendant) youths, when, having procured the windpipe of a crane, 4 or some such long-necked animal, and attaching it covertly to the skull, the accomplice utters what he wishes. And when he desires (the skull) to become invisible, he appears as if burning incense, placing around, (for this purpose,) a quantity of coals; and when the wax catches the heat of these, it melts, and in this way the skull is supposed to become invisible.


  1. The Abbe Cruice suggests epipleon bolou, which he thinks corresponds with the material of which the pyramid mentioned in a previous chapter was composed. He, however, makes no attempt at translating epipleon. Does he mean that the skull was filled with clay? His emendation is forced. ↩

  2. Or, "rubbings of" (Cruice). ↩

  3. Or, "they say." ↩

  4. Some similar juggleries are mentioned by Lucian in his Alexander, or Pseudomantis, xxxii. 26,--a work of a kindred nature to Celsus' Treatise on Magic (the latter alluded to by Origen, Contr. Cels., lib. i. p. 53, ed. Spenc.), and dedicated by Lucian to Celsius. ↩

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The Refutation of All Heresies
Widerlegung aller Häresien (BKV) Compare

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Faculty of Theology, Patristics and History of the Early Church
Miséricorde, Av. Europe 20, CH 1700 Fribourg

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