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The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret (CCEL)
Chapter XXVII. Of what bishops were at this time distinguished in Asia and Pontus.
Among the bishops were the two Gregorii, the one of Nazianzus 1 and the other of Nyssa, 2 the latter the brother and the former the friend and fellow worker of the great Basilius. These were foremost champions of piety in Cappadocia; and in front rank with them was Peter, born of the same parents with Basilius and Gregorius, who though not having received like them a foreign education, like them lived a life of brilliant distinction.
In Pisidia Optimus, 3 in Lycaonia Amphilochius, 4 fought in the front rank on behalf of their fathers’ faith, and repelled the enemies’ assaults.
In the West Damasus, 5 Bishop of Rome, and Ambrosius, entrusted with the government of Milan, smote those who attacked them from afar. In conjunction with these, bishops forced to dwell in remote regions, confirmed their friends and undid their foes by writings—thus pilots able to cope with the greatness of the storm were granted by the governor of the universe. Against the violence of the foe He set in battle array the virtue of His captains, and provided means meet to ward off the troubles of these difficult times, and not only were the churches granted this kind of protection by their loving Lord, but deemed worthy of yet another kind of guidance.
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Gregorius of Nazianzus (in Cappadocia, on the Halys) was so called not as bishop of Nazianzus. He was bishop successively of Sasima, “a detestable little village,”—(Carm. xi. 439–446)—and of Constantinople, and was called “Nazianzenus” because his father and namesake was bishop of that see. On his acting as bishop at Nazianzus after his withdrawal from Constantinople, vide note on page 136. ↩
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A younger brother of Basil, bishop of Cæsarea, born about 335; he was bishop of Nyssa, an obscure town of Cappadocia, from 372 to 395. Their parents were Basil, an advocate and Emmelia. Petrus, the youngest of ten children, was bishop of Sebaste. ↩
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Bishop of Antioch in Pisidia; was present at Constantinople in 381. He was a witness to the will of Gregory of Nazianzus. ↩
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Vide note on p. 114. ↩
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Vide note on p. 82. ↩
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ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ
ιδʹ.
Περὶ Εὐσεβίου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου Σαμοσάτων καὶ Ἀντιόχου τοῦ πρεσβυτέρου καὶ Εὐολκίου τοῦ διακόνου.
Ὁπόσην δὲ ἀνδρείαν τε καὶ σοφίαν ἐπεδείξατο βασιλικὸν δεξάμενος νόμον ὃς ἐκέλευεν αὐτὸν τὴν Θρᾴκην καταλαβεῖν, ἀναγκαῖον οἶμαι τοὺς ἀγνοοῦντας μαθεῖν. Ἀφίκετο μὲν γὰρ ὁ τοῦτον κομίζων τὸν νόμον περὶ δείλην ὀψίαν· ὁ δέ οἱ σιγῆσαί τε παρηγγύησε καὶ κρύψαι τῆς ἀφίξεως τὴν αἰτίαν. »εἰ γὰρ μάθοι«, ἔφη, »τὸ πλῆθος ζήλῳ θείῳ συντεθραμμένον, σὲ μὲν κατακοντιοῦσιν, ἐγὼ δὲ τὰς ὑπὲρ τῆς σῆς τελευτῆς εἰσπραχθήσομαι δίκας«. Ταῦτα εἰπὼν καὶ τὴν ἑσπερινὴν λειτουργίαν συνήθως ἐπιτελέσας, περὶ αὐτὰς τοῦ ὕπνου τὰς εἰσβολάς, ἑνὶ θαρρήσας τῶν οἰκετῶν, μόνος ἐξελήλυθεν ὁ πρεσβύτης βαδίζων· εἵπετο δὲ ὁ θεράπων, προσκεφάλαιον μόνον καὶ βιβλίον κομίζων. Καταλαβὼν δὲ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὴν ὄχθην (παρ´ αὐτοὺς γὰρ τοῦ ἄστεως τοὺς περιβόλους ὁ Εὐφράτης ἔχει τὸν πόρον), ἐπέβη τε πορθμείου καὶ τοῖς ἐρέταις ἐλαύνειν ἐπὶ τὸ Ζεῦγμα προσέταξεν. Ἡμέρας δὲ γενομένης, ὁ μὲν τὸ Ζεῦγμα κατέλαβεν, τὰ δὲ Σαμόσατα ὀδυρμῶν ἦν καὶ θρήνων μεστά. `Τοῦ γὰρ οἰκέτου ἐκείνου τοῖς γνωρίμοις τὰ προστεταγμένα μηνύσαντος, καὶ τίνας μὲν αὐτῷ συνεκδημῆσαι προσήκει, ποίας δὲ βίβλους κομίσαι, ὠλοφύροντο μὲν ἅπαντες τοῦ ποιμένος τὴν στέρησιν, πλήρης δὲ ὁ τοῦ ποταμοῦ πόρος τῶν πλεόντων ἐγένετο. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀφίκοντο καὶ τὸν ποθούμενον εἶδον ποιμένα, ὀδυρόμενοι μὲν καὶ στένοντες καὶ πηγὰς δακρύων προχέοντες πείθειν ἐπειρῶντο μένειν, καὶ μὴ προέσθαι τοῖς λύκοις τὰ πρόβατα. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ οὐκ ἔπεισαν (ἤκουσαν δὲ αὐτοῦ τὸν ἀποστολικὸν ἀναγινώσκοντος νόμον ὃς διαγορεύει σαφῶς ἀρχαῖς καὶ ἐξουσίαις ὑποτάσσεσθαι) οἱ μὲν αὐτῷ χρυσίον προσήνεγκαν, οἱ δὲ ἀργύριον, ἄλλοι δὲ ἐσθῆτα, ἕτεροι δὲ οἰκέτας, ὡς εἰς ξένην καὶ ἑκὰς κειμένην ἀπαίροντι γῆν. Ὁ δὲ σμικρά τινα παρὰ τῶν γνωριμωτέρων λαβὼν καὶ διδασκαλίαις ἅπαντας καὶ προσευχαῖς καθοπλίσας καὶ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν ὑπερμαχεῖν δογμάτων παρεγγυήσας, ἐπὶ τὸν Ἴστρον ἀπῆρεν.