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The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret (CCEL)

Chapter XXIV. Synodical Epistle written against Aetius.

After these transactions the emperor ordered Aetius to be condemned by a formal Letter, and, in obedience to the command, his companions in iniquity condemned their own associate. Accordingly they wrote to Georgius, bishop of Alexandria, the letter about him to which I shall give a place in my history, in order to expose their wickedness, for they treated their friends and their foes precisely in the same way.

Copy of the Letter written by the whole council to Georgius against Aetius his deacon, on account of his iniquitous blasphemy.

To the right honourable Lord Georgius, Bishop of Alexandria, the holy Synod in Constantinople assembled, Greeting.

In consequence of the condemnation of Aetius by the Synod, on account of his unlawful and most offensive writings, he has been dealt with by the bishops in accordance with the canons of the church. He has been degraded from the diaconate and expelled from the Church, and our admonitions have gone forth that none are to read his unlawful epistles, but that on account of their unprofitable and worthless character they are to be cast aside. We have further appended an anathema on him, if he abides in his opinion, and on his supporters.

It would naturally have followed that all the bishops met together in the Synod should have felt detestation of, and approved the sentence delivered against, a man who is the author of offences, disturbances and schisms, of agitation over all the world, and of rising of church against church. But in spite of our prayers, and against all our expectation, Seras, Stephanus, Heliodorus and Theophilus and their party ¹ have not voted with us, and have not even consented to subscribe the sentence delivered against him, although Seras charged the aforenamed Aetius with another instance of insane arrogance, alleging that he, with still bolder impudence, had sprung forward to declare that what God had concealed from the Apostles had been now revealed to him. Even after these wild and boastful words, reported by Seras about Aetius, the aforenamed bishops were not put out of countenance, nor could they be induced to vote with us on his condemnation. We however with much long suffering bore with them ² for a great length of time, now indignant, now beseeching, now importuning them to join with us and make the decision of the Synod unanimous; and we persevered long in the hope that they might hear and agree and give in. But when in spite of all this patience we could not shame them into acceptance of our declarations against the aforesaid offender, we counted the rule of the church more precious than the friendship of men, and pronounced against them a decree of excommunication, allowing them a period of six mouths for conversion, repentance, and the expression of a desire for union and harmony with the synod. If within the given time they should turn and accept agreement with their brethren and assent to the decrees about Aetius, we decided that they should be received into the church, to the recovery of their own authority in synods, and our affection. If however they obstinately persisted, and preferred human friendship to the P. 90 canons of the church and our affection, then we judged them deposed from the rank of the bishops. If they suffer degradation it is necessary to appoint other bishops in their place, that the lawful church may be duly ordered and at unity with herself, while all the bishops of every nation by uttering the same doctrine with one mind and one counsel preserve the bond of love.

To acquaint you with the decree of the Synod we have sent these present to your reverence, and pray that you may abide by them, and by the grace of Christ rule the churches under you aright and in peace.

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ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

κβʹ.

Συνοδικὸς τόμος παρὰ Δαμάσου ἐπισκόπου Ῥώμης καὶ τῶν δυτικῶν ἐπισκόπων πρὸς τοὺς Ἰλλυριοὺς ἐπισκόπους γραφεὶς περὶ τῆς κατ´ Ἀρίμηνον συνόδου.

Ὅτι μέντοι τῆσδε τῆς ἐκθέσεως ἅπαντες κατηγοροῦσιν οἱ τῆς ἀληθείας ἀγωνισταὶ καὶ διαφερόντως οἱ τὴν Ἑσπέραν οἰκοῦντες, μαρτυρεῖ τὰ πρὸς Ἰλλυρίους παρ´ ἐκείνων γραφέντα. Ἐξῆρχε δὲ τῶν γεγραφότων Δάμασος, τῆς μὲν Ῥωμαίων ἐκκλησίας μετὰ Λιβέριον τὴν προεδρίαν λαχών, παμπόλλοις δὲ ἀρετῆς κοσμούμενος εἴδεσιν. Ἐνενήκοντα δὲ κοινωνοὺς ἔσχε τῶν γραμμάτων, ἐξ Ἰταλίας καὶ Γαλατίας, τῆς νῦν Γαλλίας ὀνομαζομένης, εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην συνεληλυθότας. Ἐνέθηκα δ´ ἂν καὶ τὰ τούτων ὀνόματα, εἰ μὴ παρέλκον ὑπέλαβον. ἔγραψαν δὲ τάδε·

« Οἱ ἐπίσκοποι οἱ ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥωμαίων εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν συνέδριον συνελθόντες, Δάμασος καὶ Οὐαλεριανὸς καὶ οἱ λοιποί, τοῖς ἀγαπητοῖς ἀδελφοῖς τοῖς ἐν τῷ Ἰλλυρικῷ καθεστῶσιν ἐπισκόποις, ἐν θεῷ χαίρειν.

Πιστεύομεν τὴν ἁγίαν πίστιν ἡμῶν ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ τῶν ἀποστόλων θεμελιωθεῖσαν ταύτην ὑμᾶς κατέχειν καὶ ταύτην τῷ λαῷ ὑφηγεῖσθαι, ἥτις ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρισθέντων παρὰ τῶν πατέρων οὐδενὶ λόγῳ διαφωνεῖ, θεοῦ ἱερεῖς, ὑφ´ ὧν δίκαιόν ἐστι τοὺς λοιποὺς παιδεύεσθαι. Ἀλλὰ δι´ ἀναφορᾶς τῶν ἐν Γαλλίᾳ καὶ Βενετίᾳ ἀδελφῶν ἔγνωμέν τινας αἵρεσιν σπουδάζειν, ὅπερ κακὸν οὐ μόνον παραφυλάττεσθαι ὀφείλουσιν οἱ ἐπίσκοποι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅσα ἀπειρίᾳ τινῶν ἢ ἁπλότητι τῶν σκαιαῖς κεχρημένων ἑρμηνείαις † ἀνθίστασθαι ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν διαφόροις διδασκαλίαις διανοουμένους μὴ πάνυ ὀλισθαίνειν, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν κατέχειν τὴν γνώμην, ὁσάκις ἂν διάφοροι βουλαὶ ταῖς ἀκοαῖς αὐτῶν ἐπεισφέρωνται. Τοιγαροῦν Αὐξέντιον τὸν Μεδιολάνου ἐξαιρέτως ἐν τούτῳ τῷ πράγματι κατακεκρίσθαι προσγέγραπται. Δίκαιον οὖν ἐστι πάντας τοὺς ἐν τῷ Ῥωμαίων κόσμῳ διδασκάλους τοῦ νόμου τὰ περὶ τοῦ νόμου φρονεῖν, καὶ μὴ διαφόροις διδασκαλίαις τὴν πίστιν μιαίνειν. Καὶ γὰρ ἡνίκα πρῶτον ἡ κακία τῶν αἱρετικῶν ἀκμάζειν ἤρξατο, ὡς καὶ νῦν μάλιστα ὑφέρπει τῶν Ἀρειανῶν ἡ βλασφημία, οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν τριακόσιοι δέκα καὶ ὀκτὼ ἐπίσκοποι καὶ οἱ ἐκ τῆς Ῥωμαίων 〈τοῦ〉 ἁγιωτάτου ἐπισκόπου ἐπίλεκτοι, εἰς Νίκαιαν γενομένου τοῦ σκέμματος, τοῦτο τὸ τεῖχος ὑπεναντίον τῶν ὅπλων τοῦ διαβόλου ὥρισαν καὶ ταύτῃ τῇ ἀντιδότῳ τὰ θανάσιμα φάρμακα ἀπεώσαντο· ὥστε τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὸν υἱὸν μιᾶς οὐσίας, μιᾶς θεότητος, μιᾶς ἀρετῆς, μιᾶς δυνάμεως καὶ ἑνὸς χαρακτῆρος πιστεύεσθαι χρῆναι, καὶ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑποστάσεως καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, τὸν δὲ ἄλλως φρονοῦντα ἀλλότριον εἶναι τῆς ἡμετέρας κοινωνίας κρίναντες· ὅνπερ σωτηριώδη ὅρον καὶ τὴν προσκυνητὴν σκέψιν διαφθεῖραι μετὰ ταῦτα ἄλλαις σκέψεσί τινες καὶ μιᾶναι ἠθέλησαν. Ἀλλ´ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἀρχῇ ἀπ´ αὐτῶν τούτων, οἵτινες ἐν Ἀριμήνῳ ἀνανεώσασθαι ἢ ψηλαφῆσαι ἠναγκάζοντο, μέχρι τούτου διωρθώθη, ὡς ὁμολογεῖν αὐτοὺς ἑτέρᾳ διαλέξει ὑφηρπάσθαι, ἢ ὅτι οὐκ ἐνενόησαν τῇ τῶν πατέρων γνώμῃ τῇ ἐν Νικαίᾳ ἀρεσάσῃ ἐναντίον εἶναι. Οὐδὲ γὰρ πρόκριμά τι ἠδυνήθη γενέσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τῶν ἐν Ἀριμήνῳ συναχθέντων, ὁπότε συνέστηκε μήτε τὸν Ῥωμαίων ἐπίσκοπον, οὗ πρὸ πάντων ἔδει τὴν γνώμην ἐκδέξασθαι, οὔτε Οὐικεντίου, ὃς ἐπὶ τοσούτοις ἔτεσι τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν ἀσπίλως ἐφύλαξεν, οὔτε τῶν ἄλλων τοῖς τοιούτοις συγκαταθεμένων, ὁπότε μάλιστα, καθὰ προειρήκαμεν, αὐτοὶ οὗτοι οἵτινες κατὰ συσκευὴν ὑποκλίνεσθαι ἔδοξαν, οἱ αὐτοὶ καλλίονι γνώμῃ χρησάμενοι ἀπαρέσκειν αὐτοῖς ταῦτα ἐμαρτύραντο. Συνορᾷ οὖν ἡ ὑμετέρα καθαρότης ταύτην μόνην τὴν πίστιν, ἥτις ἐν Νικαίᾳ κατὰ τὴν αὐθεντίαν τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐθεμελιώθη, διηνεκεῖ βεβαιότητι καθεκτέαν εἶναι, καὶ μεθ´ ἡμῶν τοὺς Ἀνατολικούς, οἵτινες ἑαυτοὺς τῆς καθολικῆς ἐπιγινώσκουσι, τοὺς δὲ Δυτικοὺς καυχᾶσθαι· πιστεύομεν δὲ οὐκ εἰς μακρὰν τοὺς ἄλλα νοσοῦντας αὐτῇ τῇ ἐπιχειρήσει ἀπὸ τῆς ἡμετέρας κοινωνίας χωρισθήσεσθαι καὶ περιαιρεθήσεσθαι ἀπ´ αὐτῶν τὸ τοῦ ἐπισκόπου ὄνομα, ὥστε τοὺς λαοὺς τῆς πλάνης αὐτῶν ἐλευθερωθέντας ἀναπνεῦσαι. Οὐδενὶ γὰρ τρόπῳ διορθοῦσθαι δυνήσονται τὴν πλάνην τῶν ὄχλων, ὁπότε αὐτοὶ ὑπὸ τῆς πλάνης κατέχονται. Συμφωνείτω τοίνυν μετὰ πάντων τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ ἱερέων καὶ τῆς ὑμετέρας τιμιότητος ἡ γνώμη, ἐν ᾗ ὑμᾶς παγίους καὶ βεβαίους εἶναι πιστεύομεν· οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς μεθ´ ὑμῶν ὀρθῶς πιστεύειν ὀφείλομεν. Τοῖς ἀμοιβαίοις τῆς ὑμετέρας ἀγάπης εὐφράνατε ἡμᾶς. ἔρρωσθε, ἀδελφοὶ τιμιώτατοι.»