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Works Tertullian (160-220) Adversus Valentinianos

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Against the Valentinians

Chapter XXII.--Origin of the Devil, in the Criminal Excess of the Sorrow of Achamoth. The Devil, Called Also Munditenens, Actually Wiser Than the Demiurge, Although His Work.

The odium felt amongst them 1 against the devil is the more excusable, 2 even because the peculiarly sordid character of his origin justifies it. 3 For he is supposed by them to have had his origin in that criminal excess 4 of her 5 sorrow, from which they also derive the birth of the angels, and demons, and all the wicked spirits. Yet they affirm that the devil is the work of the Demiurge, and they call him Munditenens 6 (Ruler of the World), and maintain that, as he is of a spiritual nature, he has a better knowledge of the things above than the Demiurge, an animal being. He deserves from them the pre-eminence which all heresies provide him with.


  1. Infamia apud illos. ↩

  2. Tolerabilior. ↩

  3. Capit: "capax est," nimirum "infamiae" (Fr. Junius). ↩

  4. Ex nequitia. ↩

  5. Achamoth's. ↩

  6. Irenaeus' word is Kosmokrator; see also Eph. vi. 12. ↩

Translation Hide
Gegen die Valentinianer. (BKV)

22. Cap. Ursprung und Entstehung des Teufels nach valentinianischem System.

Erträglicher ist die Schmach, die sie dem Teufel anthun, da er sich eine geringe Herkunft gefallen lassen kann. Er soll nämlich aus jener schlimmen Traurigkeit entstanden sein, aus welcher sie auch den Ursprung des Schlechten bei den Engeln, Dämonen und allen geistigen Wesen herleiten. Trotzdem geben sie auch den Teufel für ein Werk des Demiurgen aus, nennen ihn Munditenens, Welthalter,1 und behaupten, er sei, weil von Natur pneumatisch, der höhern Dinge kundiger, als der bloss psychische Demiurg. Der verdient von ihnen den Vorzug, zu dessen Nutzen alle Häresien hervorgebracht werden.


  1. Kosmokrator. ↩

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Faculty of Theology, Patristics and History of the Early Church
Miséricorde, Av. Europe 20, CH 1700 Fribourg

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