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Les confessions de Saint Augustin

CHAPITRE V. NÉCESSITÉ DE CROIRE CE QUE L’ON NE COMPREND PAS ENCORE.

7. Toutefois, je préférais dès lors la doctrine catholique, jugeant qu’elle commande avec plus de modestie et entière sincérité, de croire ce qui n’est point démontré (soit qu’on ait affaire à qui ne peut porter la démonstration, soit qu’il n’y ait point de démonstration possible), tandis que leurs téméraires promesses de science, appât dérisoire à la crédulité, ne sont qu’un ramas de fables et d’absurdités (408) qu’ils ne peuvent soutenir, et dont ensuite ils imposent la créance.

Et votre main miséricordieuse et douce, ô Seigneur! prenant et façonnant mon coeur peu à peu, je remarquais quelle infinité de faits je croyais, dont je n’avais été ni témoin, ni contemporain; tant d’événements dans l’histoire des nations, tant de récits de lieux, de villes, d’actions, contés par des amis, des médecins, par tous les hommes, qu’il faut admettre sous peine de rompre toutes les relations de la vie. Une foi inébranlable ne m’assurait-elle pas des auteurs de ma naissance? et que pouvais-je en savoir, si je ne croyais au témoignage?

Ainsi vous m’avez persuadé que, loin de blâmer ceux qui ajoutent foi à vos Ecritures, dont vous avez si puissamment établi l’autorité chez presque tous les peuples du monde, les incrédules seuls sont répréhensibles, et ne doivent point être écoutés quand ils nous disent D’où savez-vous si ces livres ont été communiqués au genre humain par l’Esprit du vrai Dieu, qui est la vérité même? Et c’est précisément là ce qu’il me fallait croire, puisque, dans ces luttes sophistiques de questions captieuses, dans ces conflits de philosophes dont j’avais lu les livres, rien n’avait pu déraciner en moi la croyance que vous êtes, tout en ignorant ce que vous êtes, ni me faire douter que la conduite des choses humaines appartînt à votre Providence.

8. Ma foi, à cet égard, était, il est vrai, tantôt plus forte, tantôt plus faible; mais toujours ai-je cru que vous êtes, et que vous prenez souci de nous, quoique je ne susse que penser de votre substance, ou de la voie qui conduit, qui ramène à vous. Ainsi donc, impuissante à trouver la vérité par raison pure, notre faiblesse a besoin de l’appui des saints Livres, et je commençai dès lors à croire que vous n’auriez point investi cette Ecriture d’une autorité si haute et si universelle, s’il ne vous avait plu d’être cru, d’être cherché par elle. Quant aux absurdités où je me choquais d’ordinaire, quelques explications plausibles données devant moi m’en faisaient déjà rapporter l’inconnu étrange à la profondeur des mystères. Et son autorité m’apparaissait d’autant plus vénérable et plus digne de foi, que, s’offrant à la main de tout lecteur, elle n’en conservait pas moins dans la profondeur du sens la majesté de ses secrets; accessible par la nudité de l’expression, par l’abaissement du langage, et toutefois exerçant les coeurs les plus méditatifs; recevant tous les hommes en son vaste sein, n’en faisant passer qu’un petit nombre jusqu’à vous à travers le fin tissu de son voile, mais beaucoup plus néanmoins que si, au faite d’autorité où elle est élevée, elle ne rassemblait le genre humain dans le giron de son humilité sainte. Ainsi je méditais, et vous veniez à moi. Je soupirais, et vous prêtiez l’oreille. Je flottais, et vous me gouverniez. J’allais par la voie large du siècle, et vous ne m’abandonniez pas.

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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books

Chapter V.--Faith is the Basis of Human Life; Man Cannot Discover that Truth Which Holy Scripture Has Disclosed.

7. From this, however, being led to prefer the Catholic doctrine, I felt that it was with more moderation and honesty that it commanded things to be believed that were not demonstrated (whether it was that they could be demonstrated, but not to any one, or could not be demonstrated at all), than was the method of the Manichaeans, where our credulity was mocked by audacious promise of knowledge, and then so many most fabulous and absurd things were forced upon belief because they were not capable of demonstration. ¹ After that, O Lord, Thou, by little and little, with most gentle and most merciful hand, drawing and calming my heart, didst persuade taking into consideration what a multiplicity of things which I had never seen, nor was present when they were enacted, like so many of the things in secular history, and so many accounts of places and cities which I had not seen; so many of friends, so many of physicians, so many now of these men, now of those, which unless we should believe, we should do nothing at all in this life; lastly, with how unalterable an assurance I believed of what parents I was born, which it would have been impossible for me to know otherwise than by hearsay,--taking into consideration all this, Thou persuadest me that not they who believed Thy books (which, with so great authority, Thou hast established among nearly all nations), but those who believed them not were to be blamed; ² and that those men were not to be listened unto who should say to me, "How dost thou know that those Scriptures were imparted unto mankind by the Spirit of the one true and most true God?" For it was the same thing that was most of all to be believed, since no wranglings of blasphemous questions, whereof I had read so many amongst the self-contradicting philosophers, could once wring the belief from me that Thou art,--whatsoever Thou wert, though what I knew not,--or that the government of human affairs belongs to Thee.

8. Thus much I believed, at one time more strongly than another, yet did I ever believe both that Thou wert, and hadst a care of us, although I was ignorant both what was to be thought of Thy substance, and what way led, or led back to Thee. Seeing, then, that we were too weak by unaided reason to find out the truth, and for this cause needed the authority of the holy writings, I had now begun to believe that Thou wouldest by no means have given such excellency of authority to those Scriptures throughout all lands, had it not been Thy will thereby to be believed in, and thereby sought. For now those things which heretofore appeared incongruous to me in the Scripture, and used to offend me, having heard divers of them expounded reasonably, I referred to the depth of the mysteries, and its authority seemed to me all the more venerable and worthy of religious belief, in that, while it was visible for all to read it, it reserved the majesty of its secret ³ within its profound significance, stooping to all in the great plainness of its language and lowliness of its style, yet exercising the application of such as are not light of heart; that it might receive all into its common bosom, and through narrow passages waft over some few towards Thee, yet many more than if it did not stand upon such a height of authority, nor allured multitudes within its bosom by its holy humility. These things I meditated upon, and Thou wert with me; I sighed, and Thou heardest me; I vacillated, and Thou didst guide me; I roamed through the broad way ⁴ of the world, and Thou didst not desert me.

non Vid. sec. 4): "If, then (harmony being destroyed), human society itself would not stand if we believe not that we see not, how much more should we have faith in divine things, though we see them not; which if we have it not, we do not violate the friendship of a few men, but the profoundest religion--so as to have as its consequence the profoundest misery." Again, referring to belief in Scripture, he argues (Con. Faust. xxxiii. 6) that, if we doubt its evidence, we may equally doubt that of any book, and asks, "How do we know the authorship of the works of Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Varro, and other similar writers, but by the unbroken chain of evidence?" And once more he contends (De Mor. Cath. Eccles. xxix. 60) that, "The utter overthrow of all literature will follow and there will be an end to all books handed down from the past, if what is supported by such a strong popular belief, and established by the uniform testimony of so many men and so many times, is brought into such suspicion that it is not allowed to have the credit and the authority of common history."