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Works Augustine of Hippo (354-430) Confessiones

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Les confessions de Saint Augustin

CHAPITRE PREMIER. IL NE POUVAIT CONCEVOIR DIEU QUE COMME UNE SUBSTANCE INFINIMENT ÉTENDUE.

1. Et déjà était morte mon adolescence honteuse et criminelle; et j’entrais dans la jeunesse, et plus j’avançais en âge, plus je m’égarais en de ridicules chimères, ne pouvant concevoir d’autre substance que celle qui se voit par les yeux. Je ne vous prêtais plus, il est vrai, mon Dieu, les formes humaines, depuis que j’avais commencé d’ouvrir l’esprit à la sagesse ; je m’étais toujours préservé de cette erreur; et je la voyais, avec joie, condamnée par la foi de votre Eglise catholique, notre mère spirituelle. Mais de quelle autre manière vous concevoir ? je l’ignorais, et je m’évertuais à vous comprendre, homme que j’étais, et quel homme ! vous le souverain, le seul et vrai Dieu. Et je croyais de toutes les forces de mon être que vous êtes incorruptible, inviolable, immuable; car, malgré mon ignorance du comment et du pourquoi, je voyais cependant avec certitude que ce qui est sujet à la corruption est au-dessous de l’incorruptible; et je préférais sans hésiter l’inviolable à ce qui souffre violence, et l’immuable au muable.

Mon coeur protestait violemment contre ces vanités de ma fantaisie, et je cherchais à dissiper d’un seul coup l’essaim bourdonnant d’impuretés qui offusquaient le regard de ma pensée; à peine éloigné, il revenait soudain fondre plus pressé sur mes yeux aveuglés; et tout en renonçant à cette vaine imagination de forme humaine, je ne pouvais néanmoins me débarrasser de l’idée d’une substance corporelle pénétrant le monde dans toute son étendue, et répandue, hors du monde, dans l’infini; et, toutefois, je lui maintenais, en tant qu’incorruptible, inviolable et immuable, la prééminence sur ce qui est sujet à corruption, déchéance et changement. Tout être, à qui je refusais l’étendue, ne me semblait plus qu’un rien; mais rien absolu, et non ce vide que ferait dans l’étendue la disparition de tout corps. Car l’étendue serait toujours, malgré cette vacuité de tout corps élémentaire ou céleste, vide étendu, spacieux néant.

2. Et dans cette pléthore de coeur, m’obscurcissant moi-même à mes propres yeux, je pensais que tout ce qui ne m’apparaissait point à l’état d’extension ou de diffusion, de concentration ou de renflement, n’était que pur néant. Car les formes sur lesquelles se promènent mes yeux, étaient les seules images que parcourût ma pensée, et je ne m’apercevais pas que cette action intérieure qui me figurait. ces images, ne leur était en rien semblable, et qu’elle ne pouvait les imaginer sans être elle-même quelque chose de grand.

Et vous, ô vie de ma vie, c’est ainsi que je vous croyais grand; répandu, suivant moi, dans tout le corps de l’univers, et le débordant partout à l’infini, le ciel et la terre et toute créature vous possédaient, terminés en vous; vous, nulle part. Mais comme le corps de l’air étendu sur la terre ne résiste point à la lumière du soleil qui le traverse, qui le pénètre sans le déchirer ou le diviser et le remplit tout entier, j’imaginais que vous passiez ainsi par le corps du ciel et de l’air, de la mer et même par celui de la terre, également pénétrable en ses parties les plus grandes et les moindres à l’immanation de votre présence, qui imprimait, comme une respiration subti1e, le mouvement intérieur et extérieur à toutes vos créatures.

Telles étaient mes conjectures; ma pensée ne pouvait aller au delà, et c’était encore une (417) erreur. Car il fallait admettre qu’une plus grande partie de la terre en contenait une plus grande de vous, et une plus petite, une moindre, votre présence se distribuant de manière qu’il en tenait plus dans le corps de l’éléphant que dans celui du passereau; beaucoup plus grand, il prenait beaucoup plus de place; et ainsi les divisions de votre essence se proportionnaient aux inégalités des corps. Et toutes fois il n’en est pas ainsi; mais vous n’aviez point encore éclairé mes ténèbres.

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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books

Chapter I.--He Regarded Not God Indeed Under the Form of a Human Body, But as a Corporeal Substance Diffused Through Space.

1. Dead now was that evil and abominable youth of mine, and I was passing into early manhood: as I increased in years, the fouler became I in vanity, who could not conceive of any substance but such as I saw with my own eyes. I thought not of Thee, O God, under the form of a human body. Since the time I began to hear something of wisdom, I always avoided this; and I rejoiced to have found the same in the faith of our spiritual mother, Thy Catholic Church. But what else to imagine Thee I knew not. And I, a man, and such a man, sought to conceive of Thee, the sovereign and only true God; and I did in my inmost heart believe that Thou wert incorruptible, and inviolable, and unchangeable; because, not knowing whence or how, yet most plainly did I see and feel sure that that which may be corrupted must be worse than that which cannot, and what cannot be violated did I without hesitation prefer before that which can, and deemed that which suffers no change to be better than that which is changeable. Violently did my heart cry out against all my phantasms, and with this one blow I endeavoured to beat away from the eye of my mind all that unclean crowd which fluttered around it. 1 And lo, being scarce put off, they, in the twinkling of an eye, pressed in multitudes around me, dashed against my face, and beclouded it; so that, though I thought not of Thee under the form of a human body, yet was I constrained to image Thee to be something corporeal in space, either infused into the world, or infinitely diffused beyond it,--even that incorruptible, inviolable, and unchangeable, which I preferred to the corruptible, and violable, and changeable; since whatsoever I conceived, deprived of this space, appeared as nothing to me, yea, altogether nothing, not even a void, as if a body were removed from its place and the place should remain empty of any body at all, whether earthy, terrestrial, watery, aerial, or celestial, but should remain a void place--a spacious nothing, as it were.

2. I therefore being thus gross-hearted, nor clear even to myself, whatsoever was not stretched over certain spaces, nor diffused, nor crowded together, nor swelled out, or which did not or could not receive some of these dimensions, I judged to be altogether nothing. 2 For over such forms as my eyes are wont to range did my heart then range; nor did I see that this same observation, by which I formed those same images, was not of this kind, and yet it could not have formed them had not itself been something great. In like manner did I conceive of Thee, Life of my life, as vast through infinite spaces, on every side penetrating the whole mass of the world, and beyond it, all ways, through immeasurable and boundless spaces; so that the earth should have Thee, the heaven have Thee, all things have Thee, and they bounded in Thee, but Thou nowhere. For as the body of this air which is above the earth preventeth not the light of the sun from passing through it, penetrating it, not by bursting or by cutting, but by filling it entirely, so I imagined the body, not of heaven, air, and sea only, but of the earth also, to be pervious to Thee, and in all its greatest parts as well as smallest penetrable to receive Thy presence, by a secret inspiration, both inwardly and outwardly governing all things which Thou hast created. So I conjectured, because I was unable to think of anything else; for it was untrue. For in this way would a greater part of the earth contain a greater portion of Thee, and the less a lesser; and all things should so be full of Thee, as that the body of an elephant should contain more of Thee than that of a sparrow by how much larger it is, and occupies more room; and so shouldest Thou make the portions of Thyself present unto the several portions of the world, in pieces, great to the great, little to the little. But Thou art not such a one; nor hadst Thou as yet enlightened my darkness.


  1. See iii. sec. 12, iv. secs. 3 and 12, and v. sec. 19, above. ↩

  2. "For with what understanding can man apprehend God, who does not yet apprehend that very understanding itself of his own by which he desires to apprehend Him? And if he does already apprehend this, let him carefully consider that there is nothing in his own nature better than it: and let him see whether he can there see any outlines of forms, or brightness of colours, or greatness of space, or distance of parts, or extension of size, or any movements through intervals of place, or any such thing at all. Certainly we find nothing of all this in that, than which we find nothing better in our own nature, that is, in our own intellect, by which we apprehend wisdom according to our capacity. What, therefore, we do not find in that, which is our own best, we ought not to seek in Him, who is far better than that best of ours; that so we may understand God, if we are able, and as much as we are able, as good without quality, great without quantity, a Creator though He lack nothing, ruling but from no position, sustaining all things without having' them, in His wholeness everywhere yet without place, eternal without time, making things that are changeable without change of Himself, and without passion. Whoso thus thinks of God, although he cannot yet find out in all ways what He is, yet piously takes heed, as much as he is able, to think nothing of Him that He is not."--De Trin. v. 2. ↩

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Les confessions de Saint Augustin
The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books
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Einleitung in die Confessiones
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The Opinion of St. Augustin Concerning His Confessions, as Embodied in His Retractations, II. 6
Translator's Preface - Confessions

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Faculty of Theology, Patristics and History of the Early Church
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