Traduction
Masquer
The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret (CCEL)
Chapter XXIV. Of the holy monk Julianus.
At this time too the celebrated Julianus, whom I have already mentioned, was forced to leave the desert and come to Antioch, for when the foster children of lies, the facile framers of calumny, I mean of course the Arians, were maintaining that this great man was of their faction, those lights of the truth Flavianus, Diodorus, and Aphraates sent Acacius, 1 an athlete of virtue who afterwards very wisely ruled the church at Berœa, to the famous Julianus 2 with the entreaty that he would take pity on so many thousands of men, and at the same time convict the enemy of lies and confirm the proclamation of the truth. The miracles worked by Julianus on his way to and from Antioch and in that vast city itself are described in my Religious History, which is easily accessible to all who wish to become acquainted with them. But I am sure that no one who has enquired into human nature will doubt that he attracted all the population of the city to our assembly, for the extraordinary is generally sure to draw all men after it. The fact of his having wrought great marvels is attested even by the enemies of the truth.
Before this time in the reign of Constantius the great Antonius 3 had acted in the same way in Alexandria, for he abandoned the desert and went up and down that city, telling all men that Athanasius was the preacher of the true doctrine and that the Arian faction were enemies of the truth. So those godly men knew how to adapt themselves to each particular opportunity, when to remain inactive, and at rest, and when to leave the deserts for towns.
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A monk of Gindarus near Antioch (Theod. Vit. Pat. ii.) afterward envoy from the Syrian churches to Rome, and Bishop of Berœa, (Aleppo) a.d. 378. He was at Constantinople in 381, (cf. v. 8.) and is famous for his opposition to Chrysostom. ↩
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Julianus Sabas (i.e. Abba) an ascetic solitary of Osrhoëne, the district south of the modern Harran. He is the second of the saints of Theodoret’s “Religious History,” where we read that he lived on millet bread, which he ate once a week, and performed various miracles, which are recorded by Theodoret on the authority of Acacius. ↩
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Antonius, St. Anthony, the illustrious and illiterate ascetic, friend and correspondent of Constantine (Soc. i. 13), the centre of many wild legends, was born in 250 a.d. in upper Egypt. Athanasius calls him the “founder of Asceticism.” In 335 he revisited Alexandria to oppose the Arians, as narrated in the text. He died in his cell in 355, bequeathing his “hair shirt. his two woollen tunics, and his bed, among Amathas and Macarius who watched his last hours, Serapion, and Athanasius.” Vide Ath. Vit. S. Ant. ↩
Edition
Masquer
ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ
ιαʹ.
Περὶ τῆς τῶν Μεσσαλιανῶν αἱρέσεως.
Κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον καὶ ἡ τῶν Μεσσαλιανῶν ἐβλάστησεν αἵρεσις· Εὐχίτας δὲ τούτους προσαγορεύουσιν οἱ εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα φωνὴν τοὔνομα μεταβάλλοντες. Ἔχουσι δὲ καὶ ἑτέραν προσηγορίαν ἐκ τοῦ πράγματος γενομένην· Ἐνθουσιασταὶ γὰρ καλοῦνται, δαίμονός τινος ἐνέργειαν εἰσδεχόμενοι καὶ πνεύματος ἁγίου παρουσίαν ταύτην ὑπολαμβάνοντες. Οἱ δὲ τελείαν τὴν νόσον εἰσδεδεγμένοι ἀποστρέφονται μὲν τὴν τῶν χειρῶν ἐργασίαν ὡς πονηρίαν, ὕπνῳ δὲ σφὰς αὐτοὺς ἐκδιδόντες τὰς τῶν ὀνείρων φαντασίας προφητείας ἀποκαλοῦσι. Ταύτης ἐγένοντο τῆς αἱρέσεως ἀρχηγοὶ Δαδώης τε καὶ Σάβας καὶ Ἀδέλφιος καὶ Ἑρμᾶς καὶ Συμεώνης καὶ ἄλλοι πρὸς τούτοις, οἳ τῆς μὲν ἐκκλησιαστικῆς οὐκ ἀπέστησαν κοινωνίας, οὐδὲν οὔτε ὀνινάναι οὔτε λωβᾶσθαι φάσκοντες τὴν θείαν τροφήν, περὶ ἧς ὁ δεσπότης ἔφη Χριστός· «ὁ τρώγων μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ πίνων μου τὸ αἷμα ζήσεται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα». Κρύπτειν δὲ τὴν νόσον πειρώμενοι, καὶ μετὰ ἐλέγχους ἀναιδῶς ἐξαρνοῦνται, καὶ ἀποκηρύττουσι τοὺς ταῦτα φρονοῦντας ἅπερ ἐν ταῖς ψυχαῖς περιφέρουσι.
Λητώϊος μὲν οὖν ὁ τὴν Μελιτηνῶν ἐκκλησίαν ἰθύνας, ἀνὴρ ζήλῳ θείῳ κοσμούμενος, πολλὰ τῆς νόσου ταύτης σπάσαντα θεασάμενος μοναστήρια, μᾶλλον δὲ σπήλαια λῃστρικά, ἐνέπρησε ταῦτα καὶ τοὺς λύκους ἐκ τῆς ποίμνης ἐξήλασεν. Ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Ἀμφιλόχιος ὁ πανεύφημος, τὴν Λυκαόνων μητρόπολιν νέμειν πεπιστευμένος καὶ ἅπαν ἰθύνων τὸ ἔθνος, ἐπισκήψασαν αὐτόσε τὴν λύμην ταύτην μαθών, ἐξανέστησε πάλιν καὶ τὰ ὑπ´ αὐτοῦ νεμόμενα τῆς λώβης ἐκείνης ἠλευθέρωσε ποίμνια. Φλαβιανὸς δὲ ὁ πολυθρύλητος τῆς Ἀντιοχέων ἀρχιερεύς, ἐν Ἐδέσσῃ τούτους διάγειν μαθὼν τὸν οἰκεῖον τοῖς πελάζουσιν ἐγχριπτομένους ἰόν, συμμορίαν μοναχῶν ἀποστείλας ἤγαγέ τε εἰς τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν καὶ τὴν νόσον ἐξαρνουμένους τόνδε τὸν τρόπον διήλεγξε. Τοὺς μὲν γὰρ κατηγόρους ἔφη συκοφαντεῖν καὶ τοὺς μάρτυρας ψεύδεσθαι· τὸν δὲ Ἀδέλφιον, ἄγαν ὄντα πρεσβύτην, ἠπίως τε καλέσας καὶ πλησίον καθεσθῆναι κελεύσας·
« Ἡμεῖς», ἔφη, « ὦ πρεσβύτα, τὸν πλείω βεβιωκότες βίον, ἀκριβέστερον καὶ τὴν ἀνθρωπείαν ἐμάθομεν φύσιν καὶ τὰ τῶν ἀντιπάλων δαιμόνων ἔγνωμεν μηχανήματα, πείρᾳ δὲ καὶ τὴν τῆς χάριτος ἐδιδάχθημεν χορηγίαν· οὗτοι δὲ νέοι ὄντες καὶ τούτων οὐδὲν ἀκριβῶς ἐπιστάμενοι, πνευματικωτέρων ἐπακοῦσαι λόγων οὐ φέρουσι. Τοιγάρτοι εἰπέ μοι, ὅπως φατὲ καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἐναντίον ὑποχωρεῖν καὶ τοῦ παναγίου πνεύματος τὴν χάριν ἐπιφοιτᾶν».
Τούτοις ὁ πρεσβύτης ἐκεῖνος τοῖς λόγοις καταθελχθεὶς ἐξήμεσεν ἅπαντα τὸν κεκρυμμένον ἰόν, καὶ ἔφη μηδεμίαν μὲν ἐκ τοῦ θείου βαπτίσματος ὠφέλειαν τοῖς ἀξιουμένοις ἐγγίνεσθαι, μόνην δὲ τὴν σπουδαίαν εὐχὴν τὸν δαίμονα τὸν ἔνοικον ἐξελαύνειν. ἕλκειν γὰρ ἕκαστον τῶν τικτομένων ἔλεγεν ἐκ τοῦ προπάτορος, ὥσπερ τὴν φύσιν, οὕτω δὴ καὶ τὴν τῶν δαιμόνων δουλείαν· τούτων δὲ ὑπὸ τῆς σπουδαίας ἐλαυνομένων εὐχῆς, ἐπιφοιτᾶν λοιπὸν τὸ πανάγιον πνεῦμα, αἰσθητῶς καὶ ὁρατῶς τὴν οἰκείαν παρουσίαν σημαῖνον, καὶ τό τε σῶμα τῆς τῶν παθῶν κινήσεως ἐλευθεροῦν καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τῆς ἐπὶ τὰ χείρω ῥοπῆς παντελῶς ἀπαλλάττειν, ὡς μηκέτι δεῖσθαι λοιπὸν μήτε νηστείας πιεζούσης τὸ σῶμα μήτε διδασκαλίας χαλινούσης καὶ βαίνειν εὔτακτα παιδευούσης. Οὐ μόνον δὲ ὁ τούτου τετυχηκὼς τῶν τοῦ σώματος ἀπαλλάττεται σκιρτημάτων, ἀλλὰ καὶ σαφῶς τὰ μέλλοντα προορᾷ καὶ τὴν τριάδα τὴν θείαν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς θεωρεῖ. Οὕτως ὁ θεῖος Φλαβιανὸς τὴν δυσώδη διορύξας πηγὴν καὶ γυμνῶσαι παρασκευάσας τὰ θανατικὰ νάματα, πρὸς τὸν δύστηνον ἔφη πρεσβύτην·
« Πεπαλαιωμένε ἡμερῶν κακῶν, ἐλέγξαι σε τὸ σὸν στόμα καὶ οὐκ ἐγώ· τὰ δὲ χείλη σου καταμαρτυρήσαι σου».
Δήλης δὲ ταύτης τῆς νόσου γεγενημένης, τῆς μὲν Συρίας ἐξηλάθησαν, εἰς δὲ τὴν Παμφυλίαν ἐχώρησαν καὶ ταύτην τῆς λώβης ἐνέπλησαν.