Edition Masquer
De civitate Dei (CCSL)

Caput XXV: De Agar ancilla Sarrae, quam eadem Sarra Abrahae uoluit esse concubinam.

Iam hinc tempora consequuntur filiorum Abrahae, unius de Agar ancilla, alterius de Sarra libera, de quibus in libro superiore iam diximus. quod autem adtinet ad rem gestam, nullo modo est inurendum de hac concubina crimen Abrahae. usus est ea quippe ad generandam prolem, non ad explendam libidinem, nec insultans, sed potius oboediens coniugi, quae suae sterilitatis credidit esse solacium, si fecundum ancillae uterum, quoniam natura non poterat, uoluntate faceret suum, et eo iure, quo dicit apostolus: similiter et uir non habet potestatem corporis sui, sed mulier, uteretur mulier ad pariendum ex altera, quod non poterat ex se ipsa. nulla est hic cupido lasciuiae, nulla nequitiae turpitudo. ab uxore causa prolis ancilla marito traditur, a marito causa prolis accipitur; ab utroque non culpae luxus, sed naturae fructus exquiritur. denique cum ancilla grauida dominae sterili superbiret et hoc Sarra suspicione muliebri uiro potius inputaret, etiam ibi demonstrauit Abraham non se amatorem seruum, sed liberum fuisse genitorem et in Agar Sarrae coniugii pudicitiam custodisse nec uoluptatem suam, sed uoluntatem illius inpleuisse; accepisse nec petisse, accessisse nec haesisse, seminasse nec amasse. ait enim: ecce ancilla tua in manibus tuis, utere ea quomodo tibi placuerit. o uirum uiriliter utentem feminis, coniuge temperanter, ancilla obtemperanter, nulla intemperanter.

Traduction Masquer
The City of God

Chapter 25.--Of Sarah's Handmaid, Hagar, Whom She Herself Wished to Be Abraham's Concubine.

And here follow the times of Abraham's sons, the one by Hagar the bond maid, the other by Sarah the free woman, about whom we have already spoken in the previous book. As regards this transaction, Abraham is in no way to be branded as guilty concerning this concubine, for he used her for the begetting of progeny, not for the gratification of lust; and not to insult, but rather to obey his wife, who supposed it would be solace of her barrenness if she could make use of the fruitful womb of her handmaid to supply the defect of her own nature, and by that law of which the apostle says, "Likewise also the husband hath not power of his own body, but the wife," ¹ could, as a wife, make use of him for childbearing by another, when she could not do so in her own person. Here there is no wanton lust, no filthy lewdness. The handmaid is delivered to the husband by the wife for the sake of progeny, and is received by the husband for the sake of progeny, each seeking, not guilty excess, but natural fruit. And when the pregnant bond woman despised her barren mistress, and Sarah, with womanly jealousy, rather laid the blame of this on her husband, even then Abraham showed that he was not a slavish lover, but a free begetter of children, and that in using Hagar he had guarded the chastity of Sarah his wife, and had gratified her will and not his own,--had received her without seeking, had gone in to her without being attached, had impregnated without loving her,--for he says, "Behold thy maid is in thy hands: do to her as it pleaseth thee;" ² a man able to use women as a man should,--his wife temperately, his handmaid compliantly, neither intemperately!