Edition Masquer
De civitate Dei (CCSL)

Caput III: Non potuisse offendi deos Paridis adulterio, quod inter ipsos traditur frequentatum.

Nulla itaque causa est, quare di, quibus, ut dicunt, steterat illud imperium, cum a Graecis praeualentibus probentur uicti, Troianis peierantibus fingantur irati. nec adulterio Paridis, ut rursus a quibusdam defenduntur, ut Troiam desererent, suscensuerunt. auctores enim doctoresque peccatorum esse adsolent, non ultores. urbem Romam, inquit Sallustius, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Troiani, qui Aenea duce profugi sedibus incertis uagabantur. si ergo adulterium Paridis uindicandum numina censuerunt, aut magis in Romanis aut certe etiam in Romanis puniendum fuit, quia Aeneae mater hoc fecit. sed quomodo in illo illud flagitium oderant, qui in sua socia Venere non oderant - ut alia omittam - , quod cum Anchise commiserat, ex quo Aenean pepererat? an quia illud factum est indignante Menelao, illud autem concedente Vulcano? di enim, credo, non zelant coniuges suas usque adeo, ut eas etiam cum hominibus dignentur habere communes. inridere fabulas fortassis existimor nec grauiter agere tanti ponderis causam. non ergo credamus, si placet, Aenean esse Veneris filium: ecce concedo si nec Romulum Martis. si autem illud, cur non et illud? an deos fas est hominibus feminis, mares autem homines deabus misceri nefas? dura uel potius non credenda condicio, quod ex iure Veneris in concubitu Marti licuit, hoc in iure suo ipsi Veneri non licere. at utrumque firmatum est auctoritate Romana. neque enim minus credidit recentior Caesar auiam Venerem quam patrem antiquior Romulus Martem.

Traduction Masquer
The City of God

Chapter 3.--That the Gods Could Not Be Offended by the Adultery of Paris, This Crime Being So Common Among Themselves.

There is no ground, then, for representing the gods (by whom, as they say, that empire stood, though they are proved to have been conquered by the Greeks) as being enraged at the Trojan perjury. Neither, as others again plead in their defence, was it indignation at the adultery of Paris that caused them to withdraw their protection from Troy. For their habit is to be instigators and instructors in vice, not its avengers. "The city of Rome," says Sallust, "was first built and inhabited, as I have heard, by the Trojans, who, flying their country, under the conduct of Aeneas, wandered about without making any settlement." ¹ If, then, the gods were of opinion that the adultery of Paris should be punished, it was chiefly the Romans, or at least the Romans also, who should have suffered; for the adultery was brought about by Aeneas' mother. But how could they hate in Paris a crime which they made no objection to in their own sister Venus, who (not to mention any other instance) committed adultery with Anchises, and so became the mother of Aeneas? Is it because in the one case Menelaus ² was aggrieved, while in the other Vulcan ³ connived at the crime? For the gods, I fancy, are so little jealous of their wives, that they make no scruple of sharing them with men. But perhaps I may be suspected of turning the myths into ridicule, and not handling so weighty a subject with sufficient gravity. Well, then, let us say that Aeneas is not the son of Venus. I am willing to admit it; but is Romulus any more the son of Mars? For why not the one as well as the other? Or is it lawful for gods to have intercourse with women, unlawful for men to have intercourse with goddesses? A hard, or rather an incredible condition, that what was allowed to Mars by the law of Venus, should not be allowed to Venus herself by her own law. However, both cases have the authority of Rome; for Caesar in modern times believed no less that he was descended from Venus, ⁴ than the ancient Romulus believed himself the son of Mars.