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Les prescriptions contre les Hérétiques
XIV.
Voilà la règle de foi que Jésus-Christ nous a donnée, comme nous le prouverons, et sur laquelle il n'y a jamais parmi nous de dispute, sinon celles qu'élève l'hérésie et qui font les hérétiques. Non, elle ne doit jamais souffrir d'atteinte, quoi que vous cherchiez, que vous discutiez, quelque essor que vous donniez à votre curiosité. Mais, si quelque chose vous paraît obscur ou équivoque, vous avez quelques-uns de vos frères doués de la science, ou qui ont été instruits par des docteurs consommés. Vous en avez qui, curieux comme vous, chercheront avec vous. Enfin, si vous savez ce que vous devez savoir, il vous est plus avantageux d'ignorer le reste, de peur d'apprendre ce que vous ne devez point savoir. Jésus-Christ a dit: « Votre foi vous a sauvé, » et non pas l'examen des Ecritures. La foi réside dans le symbole: vous avez la loi, et le salut vient de l'observation de la loi: la discussion résulte de la curiosité, et toute sa gloire consiste dans la réputation d'habileté. Que la curiosité cède à la foi, la vaine gloire au salut; ou qu'ils se taisent, ou du moins qu'ils se reposent. Ne rien savoir contre la règle, c'est tout savoir. Quand même les hérétiques ne seraient pas les adversaires de la vérité, quand même nous ne serions pas avertis de les fuir, que peut-on apprendre en conférant avec des hommes qui conviennent qu'ils cherchent encore? S'ils cherchent sérieusement, ils n'ont donc rien trouvé de certain; et tant qu'ils cherchent, ils montrent leurs doutes. Vous qui cherchez de votre côté, si vous vous adressez à des gens qui cherchent aussi, irrésolu, incertain, aveugle, vous serez infailliblement conduit dans le précipice par des hommes également irrésolus, incertains et aveugles. Mais lorsqu'ils font semblant de chercher, avec l'intention de vous jeter dans l'inquiétude et de vous insinuer leurs erreurs, après vous avoir attiré par cet artifice; lorsque vous les voyez défendre opiniâtrement ce qu'ils disaient auparavant qu'il fallait encore chercher, déclarez-leur que vous êtes déterminé à renoncer à eux plutôt qu'à Jésus-Christ; car, puisqu'ils cherchent encore, ils n'ont donc pas trouvé; ils ne croient pas, ils ne sont pas Chrétiens. Mais lorsqu'ils croient, et qu'ils disent qu'il faut encore chercher, pour défendre leur sentiment, avant de le défendre, ils le désavouent donc, puisqu'ils confessent qu'ils ne croient pas encore, tandis qu'ils cherchent. Ils ne sont donc pas Chrétiens, de leur propre aveu. Le seraient-ils pour nous? Avec tant de fausseté, quelle foi peuvent-ils avoir? Emploient-ils le mensonge pour faire recevoir la vérité?
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The Prescription Against Heretics
Chapter XIV.--Curiosity Ought Not Range Beyond the Rule of Faith. Restless Curiosity, the Feature of Heresy.
So long, however, as its form exists in its proper order, you may seek and discuss as much as you please, and give full rein to 1 your curiosity, in whatever seems to you to hang in doubt, or to be shrouded in obscurity. You have at hand, no doubt, some learned 2 brother gifted with the grace of knowledge, some one of the experienced class, some one of your close acquaintance who is curious like yourself; although with yourself, a seeker he will, after all, 3 be quite aware 4 that it is better for you to remain in ignorance, lest you should come to know what you ought not, because you have acquired the knowledge of what you ought to know. 5 "Thy faith," He says, "hath saved thee" 6 not observe your skill 7 in the Scriptures. Now, faith has been deposited in the rule; it has a law, and (in the observance thereof) salvation. Skill, 8 however, consists in curious art, having for its glory simply the readiness that comes from knack. 9 Let such curious art give place to faith; let such glory yield to salvation. At any rate, let them either relinquish their noisiness, 10 or else be quiet. To know nothing in opposition to the rule (of faith), is to know all things. (Suppose) that heretics were not enemies to the truth, so that we were not forewarned to avoid them, what sort of conduct would it be to agree with men who do themselves confess that they are still seeking? For if they are still seeking, they have not as yet found anything amounting to certainty; and therefore, whatever they seem for a while 11 to hold, they betray their own scepticism, 12 whilst they continue seeking. You therefore, who seek after their fashion, looking to those who are themselves ever seeking, a doubter to doubters, a waverer to waverers, must needs be "led, blindly by the blind, down into the ditch." 13 But when, for the sake of deceiving us, they pretend that they are still seeking, in order that they may palm 14 their essays 15 upon us by the suggestion of an anxious sympathy, 16 --when, in short (after gaining an access to us), they proceed at once to insist on the necessity of our inquiring into such points as they were in the habit of advancing, then it is high time for us in moral obligation 17 to repel 18 them, so that they may know that it is not Christ, but themselves, whom we disavow. For since they are still seekers, they have no fixed tenets yet; 19 and being not fixed in tenet, they have not yet believed; and being not yet believers, they are not Christians. But even though they have their tenets and their belief, they still say that inquiry is necessary in order to discussion. 20 Previous, however, to the discussion, they deny what they confess not yet to have believed, so long as they keep it an object of inquiry. When men, therefore, are not Christians even on their own admission, 21 how much more (do they fail to appear such) to us! What sort of truth is that which they patronize, 22 when they commend it to us with a lie? Well, but they actually 23 treat of the Scriptures and recommend (their opinions) out of the Scriptures! To be sure they do. 24 From what other source could they derive arguments concerning the things of the faith, except from the records of the faith?
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Omnem libidinem effundas, "pour out the whole desire for." ↩
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Doctor, literally, "teacher." See Eph. iv. 11; also above; chap. iii. p. 244. ↩
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This seems to be the more probable meaning of novissime in this rather obscure sentence. Oehler treats it adverbially as "postremo," and refers to a similar use of the word below in chap. xxx. Dr. Routh (and, after him, the translator in The Library of the Fathers, Tertullian, p. 448) makes the word a noun, "thou newest of novices," and refers to Tertullian's work, against Praxeas, chap. xxvii., for a like use. This seems to us too harsh for the present context. ↩
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Sciet. ↩
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See 1 Cor. xii. 8. ↩
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Luke xviii. 42. ↩
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Exercitatio. ↩
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Exercitatio. ↩
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De peritiae studio. ↩
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Non obstrepant. ↩
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Interim. ↩
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Dubitationem. ↩
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Matt. xv. 14. ↩
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Insinuent. ↩
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Tractatus. ↩
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Or, "by instilling an anxiety into us" (Dodgson). ↩
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Jam debemus. ↩
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Refutare. ↩
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Nondum tenent. ↩
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Ut defendant. ↩
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Nec sibi sunt. ↩
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Patrocinantur. ↩
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Ipsi. ↩
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Scilicet. ↩