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Les confessions de Saint Augustin

CHAPITRE XI. ACQUÉRIR LA SCIENCE, C’EST RASSEMBLER LES NOTIONS DISPERSÉES DANS L’ESPRIT.

18. Ainsi, obtenir les notions qui ne se communiquent point à nos sens par image, mais dont nous percevons en nous la réalité même, par intuition directe, n’est après tout que rassembler dans l’esprit ce que ht mémoire contient çà et là, en recommandant à la pensée de réunir ces fragments épars et négligés pour les placer sous la main de l’attention.

Et combien ma mémoire mortelle en son sein de notions de cet ordre, déjà toutes trouvées et comme rangées sous ma main; ce qui s’appelle apprendre et connaître? Que je cesse de les visiter de temps en temps, elles s’écoulent et gagnent le fond des plus lointains replis, où il faut que la pensée , les retrouve comme si elle les découvrait de nouveau, et les rassemble du même lieu (car elles ne changent pas de demeure), afin de les connaître, c’est-à-dire de les rallier dans leur dispersion; d’où vient l’expression de COGITARE, fréquentatif de COGERE, rassembler, comme AGITO l’est d’AGO, et FACTITO de FACIO. Mais l’intelligence s’est approprié ce verbe, et l’emploie à la désignation exclusive de ces ralliements intérieurs dont elle forme sa pensée.

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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books

Chapter XI.--What It is to Learn and to Think.

18. Wherefore we find that to learn these things, whose images we drink not in by our senses, but perceive within as they are by themselves, without images, is nothing else but by meditation as it were to concentrate, and by observing to take care that those notions which the memory did before contain scattered and confused, be laid up at hand, as it were, in that same memory, where before they lay concealed, scattered and neglected, and so the more easily present themselves to the mind well accustomed to observe them. And how many things of this sort does my memory retain which have been found out already, and, as I said, are, as it were, laid up ready to hand, which we are said to have learned and to have known; which, should we for small intervals of time cease to recall, they are again so submerged and slide back, as it were, into the more remote chambers, that they must be evolved thence again as if new (for other sphere they have none), and must be marshalled [cogenda] again that they may become known; that is to say, they must be collected [colligenda], as it were, from their dispersion; whence we have the word cogitare. For cogo [I collect] and cogito [I recollect] have the same relation to each other as ago and agito, facio and factito. But the mind has appropriated to itself this word [cogitation], so that not that which is collected anywhere, but what is collected, ¹ that is marshalled, ² in the mind, is properly said to be "cogitated." ³