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Œuvres Augustin d'Hippone (354-430) Confessiones

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Les confessions de Saint Augustin

CHAPITRE XIV. SON AVERSION POUR LA LANGUE GRECQUE.

23. Pourquoi donc haïssais-je ainsi la langue grecque, pleine de ces fables? Car Homère excelle à ourdir telles fictions. Doux menteur, il était toutefois amer à mon enfance. Je crois bien qu’il en est ainsi de Virgile pour les jeunes Grecs, contraints de l’apprendre avec autant de difficulté que j ‘apprenais leur poète.

La difficulté d’apprendre cette langue étrangère assaisonnait de fiel la douce saveur des fables grecques. Pas un mot qui me fût connu; et puis, des menaces terribles de châtiments pour me forcer d’apprendre. J’ignorais de même le latin au berceau ; et cependant, par simple attention, sans crainte, ni tourment, je l’avais appris, dans les embrassements de mes nourrices, les joyeuses agaceries, les riantes caresses.

Ainsi je l’appris sans être pressé du poids menaçant de la peine, sollicité seulement par mon âme en travail de ses conceptions, et qui ne pouvait rien enfanter qu’à l’aide des paroles retenues, sans leçons, à les entendre de la bouche des autres, dont l’oreille recevait les premières confidences de mes impressions. Preuve qu’en cette étude une nécessité craintive est un précepteur moins puissant qu’une libre curiosité. Mais l’une contient les flottants caprices de l’autre, grâce à vos lois, mon Dieu, vos lois qui depuis la férule de l’école jusqu’à l’épreuve du martyre, nous abreuvant d’amertumes salutaires, savent nous rappeler à vous, loin du charme empoisonneur qui nous avait retirés de vous.

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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books

Chapter XIV.--Why He Despised Greek Literature, and Easily Learned Latin.

23. But why, then, did I dislike Greek learning which was full of like tales? 1 For Homer also was skilled in inventing similar stories, and is most sweetly vain, yet was he disagreeable to me as a boy. I believe Virgil, indeed, would be the same to Grecian children, if compelled to learn him, as I was Homer. The difficulty, in truth, the difficulty of learning a foreign language mingled as it were with gall all the sweetness of those fabulous Grecian stories. For not a single word of it did I understand, and to make me do so, they vehemently urged me with cruel threatenings and punishments. There was a time also when (as an infant) I knew no Latin; but this I acquired without any fear or tormenting, by merely taking notice, amid the blandishments of my nurses, the jests of those who smiled on me, and the sportiveness of those who toyed with me. I learnt all this, indeed, without being urged by any pressure of punishment, for my own heart urged me to bring forth its own conceptions, which I could not do unless by learning words, not of those who taught me, but of those who talked to me; into whose ears, also, I brought forth whatever I discerned. From this it is sufficiently clear that a free curiosity hath more influence in our learning these things than a necessity full of fear. But this last restrains the overflowings of that freedom, through Thy laws, O God,--Thy laws, from the ferule of the schoolmaster to the trials of the martyr, being effective to mingle for us a salutary bitter, calling us back to Thyself from the pernicious delights which allure us from Thee.


  1. Exaggerated statements have been made as to Augustin's deficiency in the knowledge of Greek. In this place it is clear that he simply alludes to a repugnance to learn a foreign language that has often been seen in boys since his day. It would seem equally clear from Bk. vii. sec. 13 (see also De Trin. iii. sec. 1), that when he could get a translation of a Greek book, he preferred it to one in the original language. Perhaps in this, again, he is not altogether singular. It is difficult to decide the exact extent of his knowledge, but those familiar with his writings can scarcely fail to be satisfied that he had a sufficient acquaintance with the language to correct his Italic version by the Greek Testament and the LXX., and that he was quite alive to the importance of such knowledge in an interpreter of Scripture. See also Con. Faust, xi. 2-4; and De Doctr. Christ. ii. 11-15. ↩

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Les confessions de Saint Augustin
The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books
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The Opinion of St. Augustin Concerning His Confessions, as Embodied in His Retractations, II. 6
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