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The Confessions of St. Augustin In Thirteen Books
Chapter XII.--Love is Not Condemned, But Love in God, in Whom There is Rest Through Jesus Christ, is to Be Preferred.
18. If souls please thee, let them be loved in God; for they also are mutable, but in Him are they firmly established, else would they pass, and pass away. In Him, then, let them be beloved; and draw unto Him along with thee as many souls as thou canst, and say to them, "Him let us love, Him let us love; He created these, nor is He far off. For He did not create them, and then depart; but they are of Him, and in Him. Behold, there is He wherever truth is known. He is within the very heart, but yet hath the heart wandered from Him. Return to your heart, 1 O ye transgressors, 2 and cleave fast unto Him that made you. Stand with Him, and you shall stand fast. Rest in Him, and you shall be at rest. Whither go ye in rugged paths? Whither go ye? The good that you love is from Him; and as it has respect unto Him it is both good and pleasant, and justly shall it be embittered, 3 because whatsoever cometh from Him is unjustly loved if He be forsaken for it. Why, then, will ye wander farther and farther in these difficult and toilsome ways? There is no rest where ye seek it. Seek what ye seek; but it is not there where ye seek. Ye seek a blessed life in the land of death; it is not there. For could a blessed life be where life itself is not?"
19. But our very Life descended hither, and bore our death, and slew it, out of the abundance of His own life; and thundering He called loudly to us to return hence to Him into that secret place whence He came forth to us--first into the Virgin's womb, where the human creature was married to Him,--our mortal flesh, that it might not be for ever mortal,--and thence "as a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, rejoicing as a strong man to run a race." 4 For He tarried not, but ran crying out by words, deeds, death, life, descent, ascension, crying aloud to us to return to Him. And He departed from our sight, that we might return to our heart, and there find Him. For He departed, and behold, He is here. He would not be long with us, yet left us not; for He departed thither, whence He never departed, because "the world was made by Him." 5 And in this world He was, and into this world He came to save sinners, 6 unto whom my soul doth confess, that He may heal it, for it hath sinned against Him. 7 O ye sons of men, how long so slow of heart? 8 Even now, after the Life is descended to you, will ye not ascend and live? 9 But whither ascend ye, when ye are on high, and set your mouth against the heavens? 10 Descend that ye may ascend, 11 and ascend to God. For ye have fallen by "ascending against Him." Tell them this, that they may weep in the valley of tears, 12 and so draw them with thee to God, because it is by His Spirit that thou speakest thus unto them, if thou speakest burning with the fire of love.
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Augustin is never weary of pointing out that there is a lex occulta (in Ps. lvii. sec. 1), a law written on the heart, which cries to those who have forsaken the written law, "Return to your hearts, ye transgressors." In like manner he interprets (De Serm. Dom. in Mon. ii. sec. 11) "Enter into thy closet," of the heart of man. The door is the gate of the senses through which carnal thoughts enter into the mind. We are to shut the door, because the devil (in Ps. cxli. 3) si clausum invenerit transit. In sec. 16, above, the figure is changed, and we are to fear lest these objects of sense render us "deaf in the ear of our heart" with the tumult of our folly. Men will not, he says, go back into their hearts, because the heart is full of sin, and they fear the reproaches of conscience, just (in Ps. xxxiii. 5) "as those are unwilling to enter their houses who have troublesome wives." These outer things, which too often draw us away from Him, God intends should lift us up to Him who is better than they, though they could all be ours at once, since He made them all; and "woe," he says (De Lib. Arb. ii. 16), "to them who love the indications of Thee rather than Thee, and remember not what these indicated." ↩
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Isa. lvi. 8. ↩
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See iv. cc. 1, 10, above, and vi. c. 16, below. ↩
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Ps. xix. 5. ↩
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John i. 10. ↩
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1 Tim. i. 15. ↩
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Ps. xli. 4. ↩
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Luke xxiv. 25. ↩
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"The Son of God," says Augustin in another place, "became a son of man, that the sons of men might be made sons of God." He put off the form of God--that by which He manifested His divine glory in heaven--and put on the "form of a servant" (Phil. ii. 6, 7), that as the outshining [apaugasma] of the Father's glory (Heb. i. 3) He might draw us to Himself. He descended and emptied Himself of His dignity that we might ascend, giving an example for all time (in Ps. xxxiii. sec. 4); for, "lest man should disdain to imitate a humble man, God humbled Himself, so that the pride of the human race might not disdain to walk in the footsteps of God." See also v. sec. 5, note, below. ↩
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Ps. lxxiii. 9. ↩
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"There is something in humility which, strangely enough, exalts the heart, and something in pride which debases it. This seems, indeed, to be contradictory, that loftiness should debase and lowliness exalt. But pious humility enables us to submit to what is above us; and nothing is more exalted above us than God; and therefore humility, by making us subject to God, exalts us."--De Civ. Dei, xiv. sec. 13. ↩
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Ps. lxxxiv. 6. ↩
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Les confessions de Saint Augustin
CHAPITRE XII. LES AMES TROUVENT EN DIEU LE REPOS ET L’IMMUTABILITÉ.
18. Si les corps te plaisent, prends-en sujet de louer Dieu; réfléchis ton amour vers leur Auteur, de peur qu’en t’arrêtant à ce qui te plaît, tu ne lui déplaises.
Si les âmes te plaisent, aime-les en Dieu. Muables en elles-mêmes, elles sont fixes et immuables en lui; sans lui elles s’évanouiraient dans le néant. Qu’elles soient donc aimées en lui. Entraîne avec toi vers lui toutes celles que tu peux, et dis-leur : Aimons-le, aimons-le. Il a tout fait, et il n’est pas loin de ses créatures. Il ne s’est pas retiré après les avoir faites, mais c’est en lui comme de lui qu’elles ont leur être. Voici où il est; où réside le goût de la vérité, dans l’intimité du coeur; mais le coeur s’est détourné de lui, « Revenez à votre coeur, hommes de péchés (Isaïe, XLVI, 8) » et rattachez-vous à Celui qui vous a faits. Demeurez avec lui, et vous serez debout. Reposez-vous en lui, et vous serez tranquilles.
Où allez-vous? au milieu des précipices? où allez-vous? Le bien que vous aimez vient de lui. Bien véritable et doux tant que vous l’aimerez pour Dieu, il deviendra justement amer, si vous avez l’injustice de l’aimer sans son Auteur. Pourquoi marcher, marcher encore dans ces sentiers rudes et laborieux? Le repos n’est pas où vous le cherchez. Cherchez votre recherche ; mais il n’est pas où vous cherchez. Vous cherchez la vie bienheureuse dans la région de la mort; elle n’est pas là. Comment la vie bienheureuse serait-elle où la vie même n’est pas?
19. Et notre véritable Vie est descendue ici-bas, et elle s’est chargée de notre mort, et elle a tué notre mort par l’abondance de sa vie. Et sa voix a retenti comme un tonnerre, afin que nous revinssions â lui dans le secret d’où il s’est élancé vers nous, quand, descendu dans le sein virginal, où il a épousé la créature humaine, la chair mortelle pour la soustraire à la mort, « il est sorti comme l’époux de sa « couche, et comme un géant qui dévore sa carrière (Ps. XVIII, 6). » Il ne s’est point arrêté, mais il a couru, criant par ses paroles, ses actions, sa mort, sa vie, sa descente souterraine et son ascension, que nous retournions à lui. Et il a (392) disparu de nos yeux, afin que, rentrant dans notre coeur, nous l’y trouvions. Il s’est retiré, et le voilà, il est ici. Il n’a pas voulu être longtemps avec nous, et il ne nous a pas quittés. il est retourné d’où il n’était jamais sorti; car « le monde a été fait par lui; et il était dans ce monde (Jean, I, 10), et dans ce monde il est venu sauver les pécheurs (I Tim. ,15) »
C’est de lui que mon âme implore sa guérison, « parce qu’elle a péché contre lui (Ps XL, 5). Fils des hommes, jusques à quand porterez-vous un coeur appesanti (Ps. IV, 3)? » La vie est descendue vers vous, et vous ne voulez pas monter vers elle et vivre? Mais où monterez-vous, puisque vous êtes en haut, le front dans les cieux (Ps LXXII, 9)? Descendez pour monter, pour monter jusqu’à Dieu : car vous êtes tombés en montant contre lui. Dis-leur cela, ô mon âme! afin qu’ils pleurent dans cette vallée de larmes, dis, et emporte-les avec toi vers Dieu; car tu parles par son Esprit, si ta parole est brûlante de charité.