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The Church History of Eusebius
Chapter XVIII.--The Statue which the Woman with an Issue of Blood erected. 1
1. Since I have mentioned this city I do not think it proper to omit an account which is worthy of record for posterity. For they say that the woman with an issue of blood, who, as we learn from the sacred Gospel, 2 received from our Saviour deliverance from her affliction, came from this place, and that her house is shown in the city, and that remarkable memorials of the kindness of the Saviour to her remain there.
2. For there stands upon an elevated stone, by the gates of her house, a brazen image of a woman kneeling, with her hands stretched out, as if she were praying. Opposite this is another upright image of a man, made of the same material, clothed decently in a double cloak, and extending his hand toward the woman. At his feet, beside the statue itself, 3 is a certain strange plant, which climbs up to the hem of the brazen cloak, and is a remedy for all kinds of diseases.
3. They say that this statue is an image of Jesus. It has remained to our day, so that we ourselves also saw it when we were staying in the city.
4. Nor is it strange that those of the Gentiles who, of old, were benefited by our Saviour, should have done such things, since we have learned also that the likenesses of his apostles Paul and Peter, and of Christ himself, are preserved in paintings, 4 the ancients being accustomed, as it is likely, according to a habit of the Gentiles, to pay this kind of honor indiscriminately to those regarded by them as deliverers.
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This account of the statue erected by the woman with the issue of blood is repeated by many later writers, and Sozomen (H. E. V. 21) and Philostorgius (H. E. VII. 3) inform us that it was destroyed by the Emperor Julian. Gieseler remarks (Eccles. Hist., Harper's ed. I. p. 70), "Judging by the analogy of many coins, the memorial had been erected in honor of an emperor (probably Hadrian), and falsely interpreted by the Christians, perhaps on account of a soteri or theo appearing in the inscription." There can be no doubt of Eusebius' honesty in the matter, but no less doubt that the statue commemorated something quite different from that which Christian tradition claimed. Upon this whole chapter, see Heinichen's Excursus, in Vol. III. p. 698 sq. ↩
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See Matt. ix. 20 sq. ↩
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hou para tois posin epi tes steles autes. This is commonly translated "at his feet, upon the pedestal"; but, as Heinichen remarks, in the excursus referred to just above, the plant can hardly have grown upon the pedestal, and what is more, we have no warrant for translating stele "pedestal." Paulus, in his commentary on Matthew in loco, maintains that Eusebius is speaking only of a representation upon the base of the statue, not of an actual plant. But this interpretation, as Heinichen shows, is quite unwarranted. For the use of epi in the sense of "near" or "beside," we have numerous examples (see the instances given by Heinichen, and also Liddell and Scott's Greek Lexicon, s.v.). ↩
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Eusebius himself, as we learn from his letter to the Empress Constantia Augusta (see above, p. 44), did not approve of the use of images or representations of Christ, on the ground that it tended to idolatry. In consequence of this disapproval he fell into great disrepute in the later image-worshiping Church, his epistle being cited by the iconoclasts at the second Council of Nicaea, in 787, and his orthodoxy being in consequence fiercely attacked by the defenders of image-worship, who dominated the council, and won the day. ↩
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Kirchengeschichte (BKV)
18. Kap. Der Bischofsstuhl des Jakobus.
Da ich diese Stadt erwähnt habe, halte ich es nicht für gut, eine Erzählung zu übergehen, welche auch die Nachwelt wissen soll. Das blutflüssige Weib nämlich, von dem wir aus den heiligen Evangelien1 wissen, daß es durch unseren Heiland von seiner Krankheit befreit wurde, soll aus Cäsarea Philippi gekommen sein. Auch zeige man daselbst sein Haus und seien noch kostbare Denkzeichen an das Wunder vorhanden, das der Heiland an ihm gewirkt hatte. Auf hohem Steine vor dem Tore des Hauses, in dem das Weib gewohnt, stehe die eherne Statue einer Frau, die, auf ein Knie gebeugt, gleich einer Betenden die Hände nach vorne ausstrecke. Ihr gegenüber befinde sich aus demselben Metalle die stehende Figur eines Mannes, der, hübsch mit einem Mantel umkleidet, die Hände nach der Frau ausstrecke. Zu den Füßen des Mannes wachse an der Säule eine seltsame Pflanze, welche bis an den Saum des ehernen Mantels hinaufreiche und ein Heilmittel gegen alle möglichen Krankheiten sei. Diese Statue soll das Bild Jesu sein.2 Sie ist noch heute erhalten; wir haben sie mit eigenen Augen gesehen, als wir in jener Stadt weilten. S. 340 Man braucht sich nicht darüber zu wundern, daß die Heiden, denen unser Erlöser seinerzeit Wohltaten erwiesen hat, ihm solche Denkmäler errichteten. Denn wir haben auch die Bilder seiner Apostel Paulus und Petrus und sogar das Bild Christi selbst in Farben gemalt gesehen. War es doch zu erwarten, daß die Alten sie als ihre Retter ohne Überlegung gemäß ihrer heidnischen Gewohnheit auf solche Weise zu ehren pflegten.
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Matth. 9, 20 ff.; Mark. 5, 25 ff.; Luk. 8, 43 ff. ↩
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E. v. Dobschütz, „Christusbilder“, in TU 18 (1899) S. 198: „Offenbar war es (nämlich das Bild des blutflüssigen Weibes in Paneas) eine Votivstele, eine Adorantin vor irgendeinem Heilgott darstellend, mag dabei an Asklepios oder an einen phönizisch-syrischen Doppelgänger desselben gedacht sein. Für einen Heilgott spreche schon das offizinelle Kraut. — Jos. Wilpert, „Alte Kopie der Statue von Paneas, in Strena Buliciana (Festschrift für den Archäologen Bulič) 1924, S. 295—301. — R. Eisler, „La prétendue statue de Jésus et de l’Hémorroïsse à Pandas“, in Revue archéologique 1930, S.18—27. ↩