Traduction Masquer
La cité de dieu

CHAPITRE XVII.

DU SUICIDE PAR CRAINTE DU CHÂTIMENT ET DU DÉSHONNEUR.

S’il est quelques-unes de ces vierges qu’un tel scrupule ait portées à se donner la mort, quel homme ayant un coeur leur refuserait le pardon? Quant à celles qui n’ont pas voulu se tuer, de peur de devenir criminelles en épargnant un crime à leurs ravisseurs, quiconque les croira coupables ne sera-t-il pas coupable lui-même de folle légèreté ? S’il n’est pas permis, en effet, de tuer un homme, même criminel, de son autorité privée, parce qu’aucune loi n’y autorise, il s’ensuit que celui qui se tue est homicide; d’autant plus coupable en cela qu’il est d’ailleurs plus innocent du motif qui le porte à s’ôter la vie. Pourquoi détestons-nous le suicide de Judas? Pourquoi la Vérité elle-même a-t-elle déclaré¹ qu’en se pendant il a plutôt accru qu’expié le crime de son infâme trahison ? C’est qu’en désespérant de la miséricorde de Dieu, il s’est fermé la voie à un repentir salutaire². A combien plus forte raison faut-il donc rejeter la tentation du suicide quand on n’a aucun crime à expier! En se tuant, Judas tua un coupable, et cependant il lui sera demandé compte, non-seulement de la vie du Christ, mais de sa propre vie, parce qu’en se tuant à cause d’un premier crime, il s’est chargé d’un crime nouveau. Pourquoi donc un homme qui n’a point fait de mal à autrui s’en ferait-il à lui-même? Il tuerait donc un innocent dans sa propre personne, pour empêcher un coupable de consommer son dessein, et il attenterait criminellement à sa vie, de peur qu’elle ne fût l’objet d’un attentat étranger !

Traduction Masquer
The City of God

Chapter 17.--Of Suicide Committed Through Fear of Punishment or Dishonor.

And consequently, even if some of these virgins killed themselves to avoid such disgrace, who that has any human feeling would refuse to forgive them? And as for those who would not put an end to their lives, lest they might seem to escape the crime of another by a sin of their own, he who lays this to their charge as a great wickedness is himself not guiltless of the fault of folly. For if it is not lawful to take the law into our own hands, and slay even a guilty person, whose death no public sentence has warranted, then certainly he who kills himself is a homicide, and so much the guiltier of his own death, as he was more innocent of that offence for which he doomed himself to die. Do we justly execrate the deed of Judas, and does truth itself pronounce that by hanging himself he rather aggravated than expiated the guilt of that most iniquitous betrayal, since, by despairing of God's mercy in his sorrow that wrought death, he left to himself no place for a healing penitence? How much more ought he to abstain from laying violent hands on himself who has done nothing worthy of such a punishment! For Judas, when he killed himself, killed a wicked man; but he passed from this life chargeable not only with the death of Christ, but with his own: for though he killed himself on account of his crime, his killing himself was another crime. Why, then, should a man who has done no ill do ill to himself, and by killing himself kill the innocent to escape another's guilty act, and perpetrate upon himself a sin of his own, that the sin of another may not be perpetrated on him?