Übersetzung
ausblenden
Aux nations
II.
Il vous est même impossible de le condamner sans détruire toutes vos formes judiciaires. En effet, qu'un coupable ordinaire soit amené devant vous: s'il nie son crime, vous l'appliquez à la torture pour qu'il le confesse. S'agit-il au contraire d'un Chrétien? il avoue spontanément ce dont on l'accuse, et vous le torturez pour le contraindre à nier. Quelle étrange contradiction de votre part, que de combattre un aveu et de changer la destination des tortures, ici relâchant gratuitement le coupable qui avoue, là contraignant l'accusé de nier malgré lui! Juges pour arracher constamment la vérité, c'est à nous seuls que vous demandez le mensonge, afin que nous nous déclarions ce que nous ne sommes pas.
Vous ne voulez pas nous trouver coupables, direz-vous peut-être, et voilà pourquoi vous faites tous vos efforts pour nous dépouiller de ce nom. C'est donc aussi pour que les autres désavouent leurs crimes que vous les étendez sur le chevalet et que vous les torturez! Il y a mieux: vous refusez de les croire quand ils nient; nous, au contraire, vous nous croyez sur-le-champ lorsque nous venons à nier. Si vous avez la certitude que nous sommes coupables, pourquoi nous traitez-vous ici autrement que les criminels? Je ne vous reprocherai point de ne laisser aucune liberté à l'accusation ni à la défense: vous n'avez pas coutume de condamner au hasard et sans avoir entendu la cause. Mais qu'il s'agisse d'un homicide, par exemple, la cause n'est pas terminée, ni l'information satisfaite par là même qu'il a confessé son homicide. Quoique vous ajoutiez difficilement foi à ses aveux, vous voulez connaître les circonstances de son meurtre; vous cherchez combien de fois il a tué, avec quelles armes, dans quels lieux, avec quels complices, quels vols ont accompagné le crime, quels sont les receleurs; afin que rien n'échappe, et que la sentence repose sur la connaissance de la vérité tout entière. Quant à nous, qui sommes accusés de crimes plus nombreux et plus horribles encore, l'information n'est pas longue. Vraiment, on dirait que vous craignez de charger ceux que vous vous efforcez de perdre, ou que vous n'osez instruire une cause que vous connaissez. Mais votre perversité n'en éclate que mieux, si vous nous forcez de nier des crimes dont vous ne doutez pas.
Laissons de côté les formes judiciaires. Il conviendrait bien plus à votre haine, non pas de nous contraindre à nier, de peur de soustraire à la justice ceux que vous haïssez, mais de nous forcer à confesser chacun de nos crimes, afin que votre ressentiment puisse se rassasier de nos tortures, quand on saura évidemment combien de festins impies a célébrés chacun de nous, combien de fois il a commis l'inceste sous le voile des ténèbres. Que dirai-je encore? Puisqu'il s'agit d'anéantir notre race, il faudrait étendre l'information à nos associés et à nos complices. Il faudrait traîner devant les tribunaux les égorgeurs d'enfants, les cuisiniers, et les chiens eux-mêmes qui donnent le signal de ces noces. L'affaire serait éclaircie; il y a plus: les spectacles en deviendraient plus piquants. Avec quel empressement on accourrait au Cirque pour assister aux combats d'un Chrétien qui aurait dévoré une centaine d'enfants! Puisque l'on nous accuse de monstruosités si révoltantes, il serait bon de les mettre en lumière, de peur qu'elles ne parussent incroyables et que la haine publique ne se refroidît à notre égard; car la plupart ne croient qu'à demi ces horreurs, répugnant à se persuader que la nature, à laquelle est interdite la chair de l'homme, puisse chercher un aliment digne des bêles féroces.
Übersetzung
ausblenden
Ad Nationes
Chapter II. 1 --The Heathen Perverted Judgment in the Trial of Christians. They Would Be More Consistent If They Dispensed with All Form of Trial. Tertullian Urges This with Much Indignation.
In this case you actually 2 conduct trials contrary to the usual form of judicial process against criminals; for when culprits are brought up for trial, should they deny the charge, you press them for a confession by tortures. When Christians, however, confess without compulsion, you apply the torture to induce them to deny. What great perverseness is this, when you stand out against confession, and change the use of the torture, compelling the man who frankly acknowledges the charge 3 to evade it, and him who is unwilling, to deny it? You, who preside for the purpose of extorting truth, demand falsehood from us alone that we may declare ourselves not to be what we are. I suppose you do not want us to be bad men, and therefore you earnestly wish to exclude us from that character. To be sure, 4 you put others on the rack and the gibbet, to get them to deny what they have the reputation of being. Now, when they deny (the charge against them), you do not believe them but on our denial, you instantly believe us. If you feel sure that we are the most injurious of men, why, even in processes against us, are we dealt with by you differently from other offenders? I do not mean that you make no account of 5 either an accusation or a denial (for your practice is not hastily to condemn men without an indictment and a defence); but, to take an instance in the trial of a murderer, the case is not at once ended, or the inquiry satisfied, on a man's confessing himself the murderer. However complete his confession, 6 you do not readily believe him; but over and above this, you inquire into accessory circumstances--how often had he committed murder; with what weapons, in what place, with what plunder, accomplices, and abettors after the fact 7 (was the crime perpetrated)--to the end that nothing whatever respecting the criminal might escape detection, and that every means should be at hand for arriving at a true verdict. In our case, on the contrary, 8 whom you believe to be guilty of more atrocious and numerous crimes, you frame your indictments 9 in briefer and lighter terms. I suppose you do not care to load with accusations men whom you earnestly wish to get rid of, or else you do not think it necessary to inquire into matters which are known to you already. It is, however, all the more perverse that you compel us to deny charges about which you have the clearest evidence. But, indeed, 10 how much more consistent were it with your hatred of us to dispense with all forms of judicial process, and to strive with all your might not to urge us to say "No," and so have to acquit the objects of your hatred; but to confess all and singular the crimes laid to our charge, that your resentments might be the better glutted with an accumulation of our punishments, when it becomes known how many of those feasts each one of us may have celebrated, and how many incests we may have committed under cover of the night! What am I saying? Since your researches for rooting out our society must needs be made on a wide scale, you ought to extend your inquiry against our friends and companions. Let our infanticides and the dressers (of our horrible repasts) be brought out,--ay, and the very dogs which minister to our (incestuous) nuptials; 11 then the business (of our trial) would be without a fault. Even to the crowds which throng the spectacles a zest would be given; for with how much greater eagerness would they resort to the theatre, when one had to fight in the lists who had devoured a hundred babies! For since such horrid and monstrous crimes are reported of us, they ought, of course, to be brought to light, lest they should seem to be incredible, and the public detestation of us should begin to cool. For most persons are slow to believe such things, 12 feeling a horrible disgust at supposing that our nature could have an appetite for the food of wild beasts, when it has precluded these from all concubinage with the race of man.
Comp. c. ii. of The Apology. ↩
Ipsi. ↩
Gratis reum. ↩
Sane. ↩
Neque spatium commodetis. ↩
Quanquam confessis. ↩
Receptoribus, "concealers" of the crime. ↩
Porro. ↩
Elogia. ↩
Immo. ↩
We have for once departed from Oehler's text, and preferred Rigault's: "Perducerentur infantarii et coci, ipsi canes pronubi, emendata esset res." The sense is evident from The Apology, c. vii.: "It is said that we are guilty of most horrible crimes; that in the celebration of our sacrament we put a child to death, which we afterward devour, and at the end of our banquet revel in incest; that we employ dogs as ministers of our impure delights, to overthrow the candles, and thus to provide darkness, and remove all shame which might interfere with these impious lusts" (Chevalier's translation). These calumnies were very common, and are noticed by Justin Martyr, Minucius Felix, Eusebius, Athenagoras, and Origen, who attributes their origin to the Jews. Oehler reads infantariae, after the Agobardine codex and editio princeps, and quotes Martial (Epigr. iv. 88), where the word occurs in the sense of an inordinate love of children. ↩
Nam et plerique fidem talium temperant. ↩